When 73-year-old Usha Biswas opens a hard-bound childrens book,Tiger on the Tree,at her house in GK-II,her fingers trace an orange-coloured tiger perched on a tree. The dialogues Will he bite? and He might! run across the page as human figures surround the animal,creating an impression of anxious movements. He spent his childhood days in a big house surrounded by dense forests. This is where he developed a love for animals,a frequent theme in his artwork, says Usha. The man shes talking of is Pulak Biswas her husband,a fellow painter and one of the pioneers of modern illustration in the country. He passed away this August at the age of 74.
As illustrators across the country gather in the Capital for Bookaroo,a childrens literature festival that is paying homage to Pulak,Usha and Sonali piece together memories of an artist whom the mainstream media forgot. Pulaks daughter,Sonali,also an illustrator,flips over Tales of Indian Classics,Book 1 (Childrens Book Trust,1965),where chapters from the Mahabharata have been illustrated by Pulak in earthy tones. With books and old photographs all around,theres a strange,wistful remembrance in the air.
He always had stories to tell but was unable to write these for books. So,he illustrated his thoughts, says Sonali. Pulaks journey started as a young boy from Bangladesh who became a refugee in India after the Partition. His childhood in Dhaka had lots of adventure but,after he came to India,Pulak had to shoulder the responsibility of his family and put himself through college, says Sonali. College was Kolkatas Government College of Art,Homsey College (London) and Rietvald Academy (Amsterdam).
Though trained as a painter,Pulaks passion to draw led him to a career in advertisement at a time when its content was ruled more by illustrations and less by photographs. At the age of 41,however,he gave it up to join Childrens Book Trust at the encouragement of famous cartoonist Shankar. Some of Pulaks famous works,apart from Tiger on the Tree (written by Anushka Ravishankar) and Tales of Indian Classics series include Mulk Raj Anands A Day in the Life of Maya of Mohenjo-Daro,and Ashoks New Friends (written by Deepa Agarwal) for which he won a National Award (for Childrens Literature).
In his artwork,there is little or no background or embellishment as Pulak kept the focus firmly on the characters. One of the most interesting,and rarely talked-about aspect is his paintings. It was his paintings that sustained him till the end. This was his source of income, says Sonali. Pulaks paintings started with rice paper as a medium,which he took from his days in Shantiniketan,and adopted the stylised figurative form; though,in the last few years,his strokes had become more abstract.
Pulak has left behind two unfinished works. One of these is a story on which he was wanted to collaborate with Sonali. It is about Makhna the elephant,who comes from Madhumalai forest in Karnataka, says Sonali. The other is about the honey collectors of the Sundarbans and their forest goddess,Bon Bibi.