Vinesh Phogat Olympic disqualification: Understanding rebound weight, and why it makes a huge difference in sportspersons

In simple words, rebound weight gain refers to regaining the weight that was earlier lost due to strict diet control and exercise. Dr Bhavana P, chief dietitian, Gleneagles Hospital, Lakdi Ka Pul, Hyderabad said that one may subsequently gain back the lost weight, sometimes exceeding their initial weight. “This phenomenon can result from metabolic adaptations, hormonal changes, and psychological factors,” said Dr Bhavana.

Weight loss often requires carbohydrate restriction (low or very-low carbohydrate diet and exercise with a combination of aerobic exercises and strength training). “If these are sustained over the long term, rebound weight gain does not occur. However, many people especially athletes who are on severe calorie restriction and intense exercise regimens, find it difficult to sustain them over the long-term,” explained neurologist Dr Sudhir Kumar, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad.

Hormonal shifts can also increase appetite, while the psychological stress of dieting can lead to overeating, noted Dr Bhavana.

Hence, in many cases, once the desired goal is achieved, people may relax. “In the case of athletes, once the contest is over, they may relax their diet and exercise regimen,” said Dr Kumar. Moreover, experts also share that female biology is complex and water retention could be another reason for rebound weight.

The weight-cutting process involves strict food and water restrictions and intense sweating (Source: Freepik)

Metabolic rate also slows down with calorie restriction to conserve energy.

“So, when a person starts eating more, metabolic rate may not increase in proportional amount, resulting in weight gain. Additionally, the levels of ghrelin, a hormone, tend to increase after the weight reduction brought on by diet and exercise and this may be the cause of rebound weight gain. Ghrelin is known to promote the desire to eat. It can control hunger, fat storage, and energy management,” mentioned Dr Kumar.

Athletes, in particular, face unique challenges with rebound weight. Dr Bhavana explained that it can impair their performance, increase injury risk due to fluctuating body mass, and disrupt their desired body composition. “Additionally, the psychological pressure to maintain a certain weight for competition can exacerbate stress and affect overall mental well-being,” said Dr Bhavana.

Therefore, experts urge adopting sustainable eating habits, regular exercise, and gradual lifestyle changes, along with professional guidance, which is crucial for effective long-term weight management and optimal health.