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Oppenheimer’s biographer explains physicist’s disputed interpretation of Bhagavad Gita: ‘He is trying to understand time and space’
Oppenheimer's biographer Kai Bird spoke about the physicist's fascination with Hinduism, and explained his interpretation of the oft-quoted 'death' line from the Bhagavad Gita.

Writer Kai Bird, who co-authored the biography of J Robert Oppenheimer, has addressed the American theoretical physicist’s disputed interpretation of the Bhagavad Gita. Oppenheimer read the sacred Hindu text in Sanskrit, and has often said that the first words that ran through his mind after the successful Trinity test in 1945 were from the Gita: “If the radiance of a thousand suns were to burst into the sky, that would be like the splendor of the Mighty One… I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.”
In an interview with the Hindustan Times, Bird said that Oppenheimer studied Sanskrit under Arthur Ryder, the only Sanskrit scholar at Berkeley University, to be able to read the Gita in its original form. In a letter to his brother Frank, Oppenheimer wrote that he also read Kalidasa’s Meghduta, but found the Vedas to be too daunting. His fascination with Hinduism gained renewed interest recently, with the release of Christopher Nolan’s critical and commercial hit, Oppenheimer.
Before the film’s release, writer Devdutt Pattanaik said in an interview with the Indian Express that the physicist’s interpretation of the Gita was flawed. “I did some research on Oppenheimer, and I had never come across this line. Someone said it was chapter 11, verse 32, which really says ‘kaal-asmi’, which means ‘I am time, destroyer of the world’. So, his translation itself is flawed. It is not ‘I am death’. It is time, time is the destroyer of the world,” he said.
Addressing this disputed interpretation, Bird said. “And that famous line that he used to describe what he thought when he saw the Trinity explosion — ‘I am death, destroyer of the world’ — some Sanskrit scholars, as I understand it, think that the more accurate translation would be ‘I am Time, destroyer of worlds’. He is a quantum physicist, so he is trying to understand time and space, and these are issues that the Gita sort of addresses on some level.”
Starring Cillian Murphy, Oppenheimer has become a critical and commercial hit. The film has made over Rs 50 crore in India, and more than $180 million worldwide after just four days. A scene in which Oppenheimer says the ‘I am become Death’ line in the film has become controversial. A section of the audience took offence to Oppenheimer reciting the Gita during a sex scene, and have called for it to be removed from the film. Information and Broadcasting Minister Anurag Thakur has reportedly demanded answers from the Central Board of Film Certification.
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