Premium
This is an archive article published on August 1, 2024

Mumbai witnesses ‘highest rise in sea level’ among 15 Indian cities, to continue rising until end of century: thinktank

The rise in sea levels will continue until the end of the century under all scenarios in all 15 cities and towns, with the highest rise predicted for Mumbai.

The beaches, backwaters, and mangrove forests are particularly at risk, impacting biodiversity and tourism.The beaches, backwaters, and mangrove forests are particularly at risk, impacting biodiversity and tourism. (File Photo)

Mumbai has witnessed the maximum rise in sea levels (4.44 cm) among 15 Indian coastal cities between 1987 to 2021, according to a report titled ‘Sea level rise scenarios and inundation maps for selected Indian coastal cities’. The report was published by a Bengaluru-based think tank, the Center for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP).

The report presents information on changes in sea levels under historical and future climate scenarios for 15 Indian coastal cities and towns. Mumbai is followed by Haldia (2.726 cm), Visakhapatnam (2.381 cm), Kochi (2.213 cm), Paradip (0.717 cm), and Chennai (0.679 cm).

The rise in sea levels will continue until the end of the century under all scenarios in all 15 cities and towns, with the highest rise predicted for Mumbai. By 2100, sea levels would rise by 76.2 cm in Mumbai, 75.5 cm in Panaji, 75.3 cm in Udupi, 75.2 cm in Mangalore, 75.1 cm in Kozhikode, 74.9 cm in Kochi, 74.7 cm in Thiruvananthapuram, and 74.7 cm in Kanniyakumari even under a medium-emission scenario.

The study also looks into possible inundation areas in these cities under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC’s) medium- and high-emission Shared Socio-economic Pathway (SSP) scenarios for 2040, 2060, 2080, and 2100.

The SSP scenarios explore how socio-economic factors such as population, education, and urbanisation might affect greenhouse gas emissions over the next century, thereby impacting climate change. The study considered Tier-I cities (Chennai and Mumbai), Tier-II cities (Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Mangaluru, Visakhapatnam, Kozhikode, and Haldia), and towns (Kanniyakumari, Panaji, Puri, Udupi, Paradip, Thoothukudi, and Yanam).

The study further highlights that more than 10% of the land in Mumbai, Yanam, and Thoothukudi, 5%–10% in Panaji and Chennai, and 1%–5% in Kochi, Mangalore, Visakhapatnam, Haldia, Udupi, Paradip, and Puri would be submerged due to rise in sea levels by 2040.

The percentage would be higher in 2100 in Mangalore, Haldia, Paradip, Thoothukudi, and Yanam than in Mumbai and Chennai under the high-emission scenario. As per the report, key sectors that will be impacted include water, agriculture, forest and biodiversity, and health. The beaches, backwaters, and mangrove forests are particularly at risk, impacting biodiversity and tourism.

Story continues below this ad

“Climate change brought on by fossil-fuel burning and greenhouse gas emissions has led to a steady increase in global temperatures. As a result, sea surface temperatures and glacier melting have increased, eventually rising sea levels and posing a major threat to coastal cities worldwide, including Indian coastal cities,” said Dr Anushiya J, Research Scientist working in the Climate, Environment and Sustainability sector at CSTEP and lead author of the report.

She added that many of the coastal cities in India are known to be major economic hubs with natural ports, cultural centres, biodiversity hotspots, and religious monuments. “Thus, the continuing sea level rise calls for immediate action in terms of framing suitable adaptation and risk mitigation strategies,” she added.

Alok Deshpande is a Special Correspondent with The Indian Express' Mumbai bureau, recognized for his focused and authoritative reporting on governance, politics, and the socio-economic dynamics of Maharashtra's hinterlands. His unique academic background in Geology and early work in the water sector provides a specialized layer of Expertise to his reporting on resource and environmental issues. Expertise Current Role: Special Correspondent, The Indian Express, Mumbai. Core Authority: Alok provides detailed coverage of Maharashtra politics and governance, with a particular emphasis on how policies and power struggles affect the rural and semi-urban areas (the 'hinterlands'). Key Coverage Areas: His reports frequently focus on high-stakes administrative and political topics, including: State Assembly Proceedings: In-depth reporting on the Legislative Assembly, covering ministerial statements, legislative debates, and inter-party conflict within the ruling Mahayuti alliance. Policy & Finance: Coverage of state finances, including supplementary budget demands, fiscal deficits, and major government schemes (e.g., Jal Jeevan Mission, Ladki Bahin Yojana). Rural and Social Issues: Reports on critical health issues (e.g., child deaths in districts), human-animal conflict (leopard attacks, stray dogs), and agrarian concerns (e.g., farmer suicides). Local and Urban Governance: Covers major announcements regarding urban development (e.g., BMC's OC amnesty scheme, pagdi system push) and local body elections, including political defections and alliance splits. Unique Credentials & Trustworthiness Academic Specialization: Holds a Post-graduate degree in Geology. This background gives him a foundational understanding of natural resources, which directly informs his reporting on environment, water, and infrastructure projects. Early Professional Experience: His shift to journalism came after working with an NGO focused on the water sector. This practical experience strengthens his Expertise in critical areas like water management and rural development, as evidenced by his reporting on the Jal Jeevan Mission. Journalism Training: An alumnus of the prestigious Asian College of Journalism (ACJ), Chennai, confirming his formal training and commitment to rigorous journalistic standards. Alok Deshpande's rare combination of scientific education, non-profit sector experience, and deep political reporting makes him a highly trusted and authoritative voice on the governance and ground realities of Maharashtra. He tweets @alokdesh ... Read More

Stay updated with the latest - Click here to follow us on Instagram

Latest Comment
Post Comment
Read Comments
Advertisement
Loading Taboola...
Advertisement