Feeling stuck in sadness? Understanding double depression and how to cope with it

– Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities, lasting for at least two weeks.

– Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD): A chronic form of depression with less severe but longer-lasting symptoms than MDD, typically persisting for at least two years.

– Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD): Diagnosed in children and adolescents, characterized by severe temper outbursts that are inconsistent with developmental level and occur three or more times a week.

– Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): Severe depression, irritability, and other mood disturbances in the week before menstruation, improving within a few days after menstruation starts.

What is double depression?

Double depression is a colloquial term used to describe overlapping symptoms of two different depression disorders, particularly PDD and MDD. “Double depression occurs when an individual with Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD) experiences an episode of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) on top of their chronic depression. Essentially, it is the combination of chronic low-grade depression (dysthymia) with superimposed episodes of major depression.” said Mehezabin Dordi, Clinical Psychologist at Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai

Do all these different types of depression disorders require different treatment?

Treatments for depressive disorders share common approaches but may be tailored based on the specific type and individual needs:

– Psychotherapy: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal Therapy (IPT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) are commonly used for most types of depression. For chronic depression (PDD), longer-term therapy may be necessary.

Psychotherapy is the most commonly used treatment method for most types of depression. (Source: Freepik)

– Medications: Antidepressants, such as SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors), SNRIs (Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors), and other classes, are used to treat MDD, PDD, and PMDD. For double depression, a combination of medications might be needed to address both the acute and chronic symptoms.

– Lifestyle Changes: Regular physical activity, a healthy diet, adequate sleep, and stress management techniques can support recovery from all types of depression.

– Brain Stimulation Therapies: Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), and other neurostimulation methods can be considered for severe or treatment-resistant depression, including in cases of double depression.

– Medication Adjustments: For substance/medication-induced depressive disorder, stopping or changing the substance or medication causing the symptoms is crucial. For depression due to another medical condition, treating the underlying medical issue is a priority.

DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.