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Study reveals the ‘most aggressive sign’ of colon cancer in younger patients

The research also revealed that colon cancer in younger people is rising steadily, with annual increases of 3.2% in colon cancer cases and 3.3% in rectal cancer cases

Colon cancer is rising among younger adults, with increasing cases diagnosed at later stages. (Source: Freepik)

Colon cancer, traditionally considered a disease of older adults, is increasingly affecting younger people, with a noticeable rise in cases globally. New research has shown that individuals under 50 are not only at risk but often present with different symptoms and are diagnosed at more advanced stages of the disease compared to older patients. This trend is concerning, as early diagnosis significantly improves treatment outcomes.

A study led by researchers from Taiwan’s Chang Gung Memorial Hospital found that younger colon cancer patients, especially those under 50, are more likely to overlook early warning signs, which leads to later diagnosis and more advanced cancer stages. Typical and most aggressive symptoms in younger patients include rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, and abdominal pain. These symptoms are often mistaken for less severe conditions, delaying crucial medical evaluation.

The research also revealed that colon cancer in younger people is rising steadily, with annual increases of 3.2% in colon cancer cases and 3.3% in rectal cancer cases. This sharp increase points to a need for greater awareness and vigilance among young adults, who may not consider themselves at risk for a condition traditionally associated with older age.

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Dr Bharath G, Consultant in Surgical Oncology at Fortis Hospital, Nagarbhavi, stresses the importance of recognising key symptoms, particularly rectal bleeding, which can be alarming but not always cancer-related. While haemorrhoids, anal fissures, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common causes of rectal bleeding, persistent or worsening symptoms should prompt immediate medical attention, he said.

While younger people may not consider themselves at risk, staying vigilant about their health and recognising potential symptoms can lead to earlier diagnosis and better treatment outcomes. (File photo)

Symptoms to watch for in younger people

In addition to rectal bleeding, Dr Bharath said, young people should be aware of the following symptoms that could indicate colon cancer:

Recurring or heavy rectal bleeding
Blood in stool or black stools
Abdominal pain, cramping, or discomfort
Weakness, fatigue, or unexplained weight loss
Persistent changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation
Narrow or pencil-thin stools

Colon cancer in younger patients tends to be more aggressive, with cancers such as signet-ring cell and mucinous adenocarcinoma occurring more frequently, the study also found. These forms of cancer are often diagnosed at later stages (III and IV), making treatment more challenging.

Why early detection matters

Early detection is critical to improving colon cancer survival rates. The American Cancer Society now recommends starting regular colon cancer screening at age 45, earlier than previous guidelines suggested. However, if troubling symptoms persist, especially those mentioned above, consulting a healthcare professional, regardless of age, is essential.

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Dr Bharath emphasises that the key to managing colon cancer effectively lies in early intervention. While younger people may not consider themselves at risk, staying vigilant about their health and recognising potential symptoms can lead to earlier diagnosis and better treatment outcomes.

DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.

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