Fever In Children

Usually measured via a forehead thermometer, external auricular thermometer or an oral thermometer, fever is distinguished as the abnormal rise in temperature (equal to or more than 100 F or 37.8 C) due to internal infection. While all these methods are used to check the body’s temperature, doctor’s recommend adding one degree to the temperature if it was recorded through armpits. Fever is a natural mechanism of the human body that boosts the immunity present in the body to kill the microbes by raising the natural temperature  as a method to counter the infection. 

Common symptoms amongst children

The most common causes of fever in young kids can range from common bacterial or viral infections, common cold, respiratory tract infection to urinary tract infection and gastroenteritis. It can also be a result of being vaccinated. Diseases like dengue, typhoid and leptospirosis can also become a cause of high temperature.

During fever, a child can become irritable, dull and inactive. Children under the age of five might also cry excessively, have a low appetite and constantly feel lethargic and sleepy.

Steps to take when the child is feverish

Unlike popular belief, ice cubes or freezing water should not be used to reduce the temperature. Instead, lukewarm water wipes should be used for five to ten minutes. One should make sure that the child is wearing loose and light clothing. Warm clothes like sweaters and shawls will further increase the body temperature. 

Most of the time, fever caused by simple infections tend to subside within three to five days. Although, if the fever increases then one should consult a pediatrician. High grade fever, presence of rashes, poor oral intake are signs to consult an expert as children under the age of six are vulnerable to develop seizures. Hence, it is essential to keep the high temperature in control. Medicines like antibiotics should only be taken after consulting a doctor as additional tests can be required. 

While fluid foods like coconut water, juice, soups and kanji along with the child’s regular food (in lesser amounts) can help with recovery, oily food should be avoided. It is best to breast feed kids who are breastfed. 

Dr. JAYANTHI VISWANATHAN

Dr. JAYANTHI VISWANATHAN

Senior Consultant Pediatrician

MBBS, DCH, MRCP ( Paediatrics)

Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Sholinganallur, Chennai