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This is an archive article published on April 24, 2005

Run Into a Tangerine Lately?

Ibn Battuta, pehan ke joota, nikal pare bazaar mein” goes the first line of the school poem about one of the world’s most fleet-fo...

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Ibn Battuta, pehan ke joota, nikal pare bazaar mein” goes the first line of the school poem about one of the world’s most fleet-footed and empathetic travelers. Born in Tangier in 1304, Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battutah took to the road (and to the sea) at age 20, returning after 29 years, having journeyed across 75,000 miles as far as China, up the Volga and down the Niger. He returned to Morocco in 1355 and dictated his famous Rihala or Travels. His accounts have become invaluable source material for the history of the Sultanate, for the crazy goings on of Mohammad bin Tughlaq whose patronage Battutah enjoyed and by whom he was appointed envoy to China, for the rituals of sati, details of Malabar’s Jews, trader tycoons of the west coast, sufi saints who wandered the Doab, and the incorrigibly plural world of Islam in the 14th century.

Tim Mackintosh Smith, a resident of Yemen, is a committed Battutian. In this second volume of a trilogy tracking the footsteps of the Prince of Travellers, he comes with Battutah (or IB as he calls him) to al-Hind, peels Louis MacNiece’s tangerine and “feels the drunken-ness of things being various”. IB’s 29-year odyssey is dotted with spiritual quest and so is Mackintosh Smith’s who subconsciously searches for “an infinitesimal space which is the corollary of infinity, of an indivisibly eternal God”. The Indian reader is weary of the purple orientalism of the many Englishmen who journey to the subcontinent in search of intellectual fortunes.

Mackintosh Smith’s honest robust humour, dedicated detective work, above all, knowledge of Arabic and enthusiasm for Islam and the spiritual athletes of the time who “locked auras in combat”, in their spiritual jam sessions, rescues him from the painful Disneyworld-type awe of Western backpackers. The language of the book is seductive. There are puns — the Delhi Press Club becomes the Hall of a Thousand Columnists — and there is profundity — “the Cavemen’s cave is part of a system that runs deep under the Islamic world and far beyond the borders of travel”. There is also the occasional declaration of manifesto where the essential and true majesty of the descendant of the Zamorin ruler of Calicut is contrasted with plastic reign of Bush and Blair.

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The author’s English-ness is refreshingly down to earth. Trying to lure his traveling companion and illustrator Martin Yeoman away from the beauty of Safdarjung’s Tomb to far less glorious Sultanate debris, he says, “oh that’s only real Brighton Pavilion stuff.”

Yet tracking IB in India becomes a story of disappointments. The Thousand Column Hall where Battutah met the Sultan, in his time a fountainhead of empire, is now a cassocky stone-strewn public lavatory. The mystic al-Ghari, Battutah’s spiritual guide, who IB encountered near Nizamuddin’s shrine lived in a “cave”, but the author finds only a knotty tangle of alleys. He had thought Aligarh would be full of stern, bearded scholars poring over Islamic texts, instead he finds Irfan Habib’s bookshelves presided over by a picture of the “slit-eyed” Lenin. And this is a nuisance because the author has no time for modern India. He dismisses the Delhi “twitterati”, makes throwaway statements about the Hindu right and caricatures clueless autoricksaw drivers and farting tour guides with little curiosity about modern region or character.

The richness of this book lies in Mackintosh Smith’s upto-the-eyebrows immersion in Battutah, the expert weaving in and out between text and reality and an impressive perseverance in locating IB’s places and people. Thankfully, he never does find the levitating yogi. As a result the travelogue emerges as much as an exploration of extraordinary mind as of “magical” place.

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