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This is an archive article published on February 20, 1999

"A government nominee does not become a slave of the government"

The spurt in atrocities and growing violence against minorities in Gujarat and other parts of the country has been followed by attacks on...

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The spurt in atrocities and growing violence against minorities in Gujarat and other parts of the country has been followed by attacks on the democratic institutions that have spoken out against the trend. National Commission for Minorities Chairman Professor Tahir Mahmood has not minced words on the situation and the government’s handling of the situation. Not surprisingly, the Sangh Parivar and the BJP have begun baying for his blood. Mahmood was Dean of the Faculty of Law at Delhi University when the H.D. Deve Gowda government appointed him Chairman of the Commission in late 1996. After 35 years of teaching law, authoring 25 books on law, and serving in different capacities, the calls for his removal leave Mahmood unfazed. NIRMALA GEORGE spoke to Mahmood. Excerpts:

  • The Vishwa Hindu Parishad has called for the disbanding of the Commission, saying the problems of the minorities can be handled by the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC). What is your response to such attacks on theCommission?
  • The VHP has lived up to its expectations and said what they always have. Their ideology is well known. The talk of disbanding (the Commission) has been going on ever since I took office. There is a consistency in the thinking of the Sangh parivar. Why are people surprised by what the VHP is saying? I am not surprised or hurt by what they are saying. If I had expected anything different (from the VHP), I would have been hurt. But from the very beginning this is the position taken by the Sangh Parivar.

    In fact, there is a writ petition in the Allahabad High Court filed by the Hindu Mahasabha, filing soon after I was appointed. The High Court has not taken any decision on this.

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  • But the VHP has also said the Commission is important…
  • That is the silver lining in the VHP’s position. The VHP thinks the Commission is very important. I would concentrate more on this change in their thinking, that the Commission is important. This recognition is very gratifying for us.

  • The BJP has saidthat you have exceeded your brief, gone beyond all limits. The BJP spokesman J.P. Mathur says as a government nominee you should not be raising these issues?
  • The Commission is an autonomous body working within the mandate of an Act of Parliament. Before me, the Commission was not allowed to work with autonomy. Now it is functioning with complete autonomy. The Chief Justice of India is also a government nominee. All judges of the Supreme Court, all High Court judges, the AttoXrney General of India… these are all government nominees. For all these positions, the government’s work is over the day the nomination is made. Nomination does not make us slaves of the government. I am happy the BJP government has never said this. If the BJP party says it, I care the least. I have no political aspirations, no political ambitions for the future.

    To be fair to the government, the BJP has made no interference in my work. Of the three governments I have worked with, in some respects, the BJP government has been moreresponsive to the Commission’s communications.

  • You were appointed by the Deve Gowda government…
  • I was appointed at the time of the Deve Gowda government. I had never met or seen Deve Gowda. I never went to him with folded hands. The then government, in its wisdom decided to appoint me. It departed from the usual practice of nominating a superannuated bureaucrat or a retired judge, but appointed a serving professor of Law. If it’s a question of a government nominee, then all constitutional appointees, all judicial appointments are government nominees. Will the party say the same thing about them? I have a mandate from Parliament and am acting well within my bounds.

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    I know my brief. I don’t need to be told about my brief. If they want they can take a briefing from me on the provisions of the Constitution.

  • Why are you under attack?
  • I know only one language and that is the language of law. Those who appreciate the language of law, have no problem. Those who are bitten by the language of law,will find it bitter.

  • The Gujarat government claims that the census on Muslims was being carried out at the behest of the Commission. Is this true.?
  • This is a completely trumped-up excuse. We have never asked for any census-related data. There has been talk of forced conversions. We had asked for proof, whether oral or documentary, of instances of forced conversions. The state government was supposed to give this information by January 20, which they did. After January 20 we have never asked the state government for any information. The questionnaire that the state government is using has nothing to do with what we required. In fact it is quite obnoxious. It does not have even remote connection with what we had sought.

    In any case the question of conversions was raised in the context of the Christians. So why have a census of the Muslims? The state government is trying to befool the people. They are caught in a mess, so this is a trumped-up excuse (that the Commission had sought information).

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    Thereaction of the government too is worth noting. The government was unhappy about the leakage of the news about the census, not that the census was actually taking place. The state government is now trying to wriggle out of the situation.

  • How do you explain the current rise in atrocities against the minorities?
  • It is a combination of two distinct elements. Vested political interests and ignorance of law and fact. There is a shameful legal illiteracy in this country. On issues like conversions, reconversions, conversions of tribals… nobody has read the law. Nobody has read the Constitution of India. Nobody has read the Hindu law. Nobody has read Hindu religion. I have worked on Hindu religio-legal studies for many years. I have written seven books on Hindu law. I have written a book on the Manu Smriti. I have defended Hindu law against the Western onslaught. But people who today are talking of conversions and reconversions have not even read the Constitution. They are playing havoc with theminorities.

  • How do you see the communal trend playing out?
  • I am not a pessimist. This is a temporary phase. This is alien to the social ethos of this country. This country has a different historical ethos. The people of India, the masses of this country will not accept this situation for too long. The Indian people are predominantly tolerant and civilised. I firmly believe this phase is bound to pass soon.

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