5 reasons octopuses are nature’s most mysterious geniuses

Limb regeneration

One of the most astonishing abilities of octopuses is their power to regenerate lost limbs. If an octopus loses an arm due to injury or a predator attack, it can grow a completely new, fully functional one complete with nerves, muscles, and even its unique sensory abilities. 

Octopuses have an impressive ability to recognise individual humans (Source: Freepik)

More than one brain

Yes, octopuses have more than one brain. And astonishingly, each of their eight arms has its own independent mini-brain. These neural clusters allow the limbs to function semi-autonomously, exploring, touching, and even making decisions without direct input from the central brain.

Ability to recognise humans

Octopuses have an impressive ability to recognise individual humans,  a trait that’s rare among invertebrates. In both lab and aquarium settings, they’ve been observed showing distinct preferences and behaviours toward different people. Some octopuses are known to willingly interact with familiar caretakers, while reacting defensively or avoiding those they don’t like. 

Immaculate escape artists

Octopuses are masters of disguise and escape, making them some of the most elusive creatures in the ocean. Their skin contains specialised cells called chromatophores, which allow them to instantly change colour and texture to blend in with rocks, coral, sand, or seaweed. Some species even mimic the shape and behaviour of other marine animals to avoid danger. Their soft, boneless bodies also enable them to squeeze through impossibly small openings.

Bizarre process of mating 

Octopus mating is as fascinating as it is bizarre. In many species, the male uses a specialised arm called a hectocotylus to transfer sperm packets directly into the female. Mating can be risky for the male as some females are known to attack or even eat their partners afterward, so he keeps his distance or mates from afar. In fact, certain males will disguise themselves as females to sneak past rivals and mate undetected. After mating, females of many species devote themselves entirely to protecting their eggs, refusing to eat and often dying shortly after they hatch.