The multivitamins you regularly take could be ‘fake’; here’s what you should know

G Sushma, clinical dietician, at CARE Hospitals Banjara Hills, Hyderabad tells indianexpress.com, “There is limited direct evidence specifically linking fake vitamins to weight gain. However, fake vitamins might lack the essential nutrients or contain harmful additives, which could indirectly affect metabolism and overall health, potentially contributing to weight gain. Research has shown that deficiencies in essential nutrients can disrupt metabolic processes and hormone regulation, potentially leading to weight issues.”

Prevalence of fake vitamins in the market

The prevalence of fake vitamins varies by region and market. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), substandard and falsified medical products, including vitamins, are a significant issue globally. Reports indicate that up to 10% of medicines in low- and middle-income countries are counterfeit, and the issue is also present in high-income countries, says Sushma.

These fake vitamins often lack the declared active ingredients or contain harmful substances. (Source: Freepik)

“The dietary supplement market, including vitamins, is particularly vulnerable due to less stringent regulations compared to pharmaceuticals,” Sushma informs.

What constitutes a “fake” vitamin?

Sushma states that a “fake” vitamin can include:

*Counterfeit Products: Imitations of genuine products with fake branding and packaging.

*Substandard Products: Products that do not meet quality standards, potentially due to poor manufacturing practices.

*Adulterated Products: Genuine vitamins that have been tampered with by adding or substituting ingredients.

*Mislabeled Products: Products that do not accurately list their ingredients or dosages.

“These fake vitamins often lack the declared active ingredients or contain harmful substances,” she remarks.

Potential health risks associated with consuming fake vitamins

Sushma says that the health risks associated with consuming fake vitamins are in lack of essential vitamins and minerals can lead to various health issues such as weakened immunity, poor bone health, and anemia. “The harmful additives or contaminants can cause toxicity, leading to liver damage, kidney failure, or other severe health problems.”

Unlisted ingredients might trigger allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Consuming ineffective products might delay the proper treatment of nutrient deficiencies or other health conditions.

Identifying fake vitamins and distinguishing them from authentic ones

Sushma suggests that consumers can take the following steps to identify fake vitamins:

*Check for Certifications: Look for third-party certifications such as USP (United States Pharmacopeia) or NSF (National Sanitation Foundation).

*Examine Packaging: Verify the packaging for signs of tampering, poor printing, or inconsistencies with known genuine products.

*Verify Sources: Purchase vitamins from reputable and trusted retailers or directly from the manufacturer’s website.

*Check Labels: Ensure labels list all ingredients and dosages clearly. Authentic products often provide lot numbers and expiration dates.

*Research the Manufacturer: Verify the manufacturer’s reputation and check for any past issues related to product authenticity.

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