World Thalassemia Day: Understanding the important role diet plays in managing the blood disorder

"A well-balanced nutritional plan can significantly contribute to managing symptoms and improving the quality of life," said Ushakiran Sisodia, registered dietician and clinical nutritionist, Diet and Nutrition, Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital, Mumbai

By: Lifestyle Desk

New Delhi | Updated: May 8, 2023 10:03 AM IST

3 min read

World Thalassaemia Day is observed on May 8, every year (Source: Getty Images/Thinkstock)

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Thalassemia is a group of inherited blood disorders characterised by the body’s inability to produce adequate amounts of haemoglobin, the protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen. This deficiency leads to anaemia, which can further cause fatigue, weakness, and other complications. The severity of the condition — classified into alpha thalassemia and beta thalassemia — varies from mild to life-threatening, depending on the affected part of the haemoglobin molecule.

“India has the largest number of children with thalassemia major in the world with incidence steadily increasing; it imposes a heavy economic burden for families and on state resources. Thalassemia children have a risk for multi-nutrient deficiency. Hence, nutritional status should be assessed annually in patients with thalassemia with prompt nutrient replacement when deficiency is detected,” said Dr Varsha Gorey, senior clinical dietitian, Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai.

Also Read | These foods will help improve your haemoglobin count naturally

So, this World Thalassemia Day, observed on May 8 annually, let’s understand how diet plays a role when it comes to managing the condition.

While there is no specific diet to cure thalassemia, a well-balanced nutritional plan can significantly contribute to managing symptoms and improving the quality of life, stressed Ushakiran Sisodia, registered dietician and clinical nutritionist, Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital, Mumbai. “A healthy diet supports the body in producing new red blood cells and maintaining overall health,” said Sisodia.

World Thalassemia Day: Here’s how dietary management plays a role (Source: Getty Images/Thinkstock)

Concurred Dr Santanu Sen, consultant paediatric hematology, oncology and stem cell transplantation, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital Mumbai, and said, “It’s crucial to work closely with doctors and dietitians to develop a personalised meal plan that addresses their specific needs.”

Following nutrients and minerals play a vital role in thalassemia management, experts said:

Iron intake: Thalassemia patients often receive blood transfusions, which may cause iron overload. It is essential to monitor and limit iron-rich foods like red meat, fortified cereals, and legumes.

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Folic acid: Folic acid plays a critical role in red blood cell production. Including folic acid-rich foods, such as green leafy vegetables, lentils, and whole grains, can support overall health.

Calcium and vitamin D: Thalassemia patients may have an increased risk of osteoporosis. Consuming calcium-rich foods like dairy products, nuts, and seeds, along with vitamin D supplementation, can help maintain bone health.

Antioxidant-rich foods: Incorporating antioxidant-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, and nuts can help combat oxidative stress associated with thalassemia.

In addition to following the specific dietary recommendations outlined above, thalassemia patients should also aim to eat a balanced and nutritious diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. “They should also drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated, and avoid excessive alcohol consumption,” said Dr Gorey.

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