Hailing from a political family, Patil's entry into politics was influenced by his father, Dina Bama Patil, who was also a well-known leader. Sanjay Dina Patil has focused on issues related to urban development, infrastructure, and the welfare of underprivileged communities. During his tenure in Parliament, he raised important concerns about the development needs of Mumbai, particularly focusing on improving housing, sanitation, and transportation in the city's densely populated areas.

Patil has also been involved in local politics, previously serving as a member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly. His ability to connect with grassroots voters and address their issues has earned him recognition as a leader who is deeply invested in the well-being of his constituents. Though he faced electoral setbacks, Patil remains an influential figure within the NCP and continues to advocate for the development of Mumbai's urban areas and the improvement of public services for the city's working-class population.