What is verbal dyslexia? Exploring its link to language difficulties

Traditional dyslexia involves challenges with reading, writing, and spelling, often caused by phonological processing difficulties. Verbal dyslexia, while not formally classified as a separate condition, is thought to encompass similar struggles.

Cadabam noted, “Phonological processing issues, which are fundamental to both traditional dyslexia and what is referred to as verbal dyslexia, are evident in challenges with reading fluency and verbal communication.”

Symptoms of verbal dyslexia

Identifying symptoms of verbal dyslexia can be tricky since the term lacks formal diagnostic criteria. However, Cadabam highlighted some tell-tale signs indicative of broader language processing difficulties.

“The issues with word retrieval, where individuals pause or use filler words, are common symptoms,” she noted. Other symptoms include mispronunciations, challenges in word manipulation, slow language processing speeds, and memory-related difficulties. These issues are typically identified through detailed evaluations conducted by professionals.

Verbal dyslexics were shown to have problems with phonological processing, which resulted in mispronunciations and difficulties manipulating words. (Source: Freepik)

Is there a formal diagnosis for verbal dyslexia?

Currently, there are no formal diagnostic criteria for verbal dyslexia. Instead, assessments rely on methods used for evaluating traditional dyslexia.

Cadabam clarified, “The assessment processes for verbal dyslexia are informed by evaluations used for diagnosing traditional dyslexia, focusing on phonological processing, word retrieval, and verbal memory.” Tests for phonological awareness, memory, and processing speed are crucial in identifying specific language-related challenges.

Therapies and interventions

Treatment for verbal dyslexia aligns closely with interventions for traditional dyslexia. Cadabam emphasised the importance of speech-language therapy as a primary intervention.

“This therapy typically involves phonological exercises, word retrieval strategies, and verbal memory training,” she said. Multisensory approaches, such as the Orton-Gillingham method, are particularly effective. “These methods support language learning through visual, auditory, and tactile modalities,” Cadabam added, helping to improve both verbal and written communication skills.

How can parents and educators support individuals with verbal dyslexia?

Parents and educators play a vital role in providing the support needed to navigate verbal dyslexia. Cadabam suggested that awareness and understanding among caregivers can create an enabling environment for those affected.

“Awareness and understanding of verbal dyslexia among educators and parents facilitate the creation of supportive environments,” she explained.

For educators, differentiated instruction and technology tools, such as speech-to-text software, can help. For parents, fostering language development through conversation, reading, and language-based games is critical. “Maintaining open communication with educators to address the child’s needs effectively is equally important,” advised Cadabam.

A deeper understanding of verbal dyslexia

Although verbal dyslexia is not officially recognized as a separate diagnostic term, the language challenges it describes are very real. As Cadabam explained, “The term verbal dyslexia is used to describe specific verbal language difficulties, though it is not formally recognised as a separate condition.”

The symptoms and interventions associated with verbal dyslexia align with those of traditional dyslexia, underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of these issues.

By acknowledging these challenges and implementing targeted strategies, caregivers and professionals can help enhance language skills and improve academic outcomes for individuals facing language processing difficulties. A nuanced approach rooted in traditional dyslexia insights can pave the way for more effective interventions and better long-term outcomes.

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