Study reveals significant glacier retreat in Arunachal Pradesh, raising concerns over water availability

The findings reveal a sharp decline in glacier coverage, with the number of glaciers dropping from 756 in 1988 to 646 by 2020. The total glacier area shrank by over 300 square kilometers, with smaller glaciers retreating at a faster pace.

“The glaciers in this region, mostly situated between 4,500 and 4,800 meters above sea level, have shown marked reductions over the years,” Dr Jamir said

Dr Jamir explained, “The consequences of glacier retreat extend far beyond the region. Communities dependent on glacial meltwater for agriculture and drinking water may face significant water shortages in the future. Initially, melting glaciers may lead to flooding and unstable river flows, but over time, reduced glacial mass will result in lower water availability. Additionally, expanding glacial lakes pose a threat, as sudden floods from glacial lake outbursts (GLOFs) can be highly destructive.”

This retreat raises long-term concerns about the availability of freshwater for over 1.3 billion people who rely on the Himalayas. Shrinking glaciers may also lead to short-term flooding and unstable river flows. Despite these concerns, studies on the Eastern Himalayas remain limited.

The researchers emphasise the need for continuous monitoring and better climate adaptation strategies to manage water resources in the region. As climate change accelerates the retreat of these vital glaciers, such studies are crucial in informing water management and disaster preparedness efforts.

Nagaland University, established by the Nagaland University Act of 1989, is the only central university in the state, with jurisdiction over all of Nagaland.