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In the quest for longevity and reversing biological age, Bryan Johnson, a tech entrepreneur known for his extensive efforts in biohacking, has stopped injecting his son’s blood, mentioning that he has “upgraded” to a more advanced rejuvenation technique known as Total Plasma Exchange (TPE) therapy.
In a post shared on X, Johnson wrote, “I am no longer injecting my son’s blood. I’ve upgraded to something else: total plasma exchange. Here’s my bag of plasma. Who wants it?” He described the therapy, which involves removing all the blood from the body, separating plasma from the blood, and replacing it with a solution of 5% albumin and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).
TPE therapy, Johnson explained, is gaining attention for its potential in longevity science. “TPE is an advanced longevity therapy with great effects in removing toxins, waste products, old misfolded and glycated proteins, and immune complexes,” he noted, adding that it has shown promise in delaying and reversing age-related diseases, including dementia, while also reducing biological age. Johnson’s embrace of this cutting-edge therapy reflects the growing interest in experimental interventions to improve health and extend lifespan.
Experts have explored the effectiveness of different TPE protocols, highlighting the potential of bi-weekly TPE combined with IVIG to yield the highest biological age reductions. However, several limitations and unanswered questions remain. To better understand this complex and evolving area, we contacted an expert for insights.
Dr Palleti Siva Karthik Reddy, consultant internal medicine at Koshys Hospitals, tells indianexpress.com, “One of the key mechanisms through which TPE is believed to reduce biological age is by lowering systemic inflammation. AgEing is closely linked to chronic inflammation, often called inflammaging, which contributes to cellular damage and dysfunction. By removing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α, TPE may help restore a more youthful immune profile.”
Another proposed mechanism, he says, is the clearance of senescence-associated proteins, including beta-2 microglobulin, which accumulates with age and has been linked to cognitive decline. “TPE may also improve vascular function by reducing oxidative stress and promoting better circulation, which is crucial for organ health and longevity. Additionally, the resetting of immune cell populations through TPE may play a role in slowing down the aging process by reducing the burden of dysfunctional immune cells. However, while these mechanisms are promising, it is important to note that much of the evidence remains preliminary, and more research is needed to establish TPE’s long-term effects on ageing.”
Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) is often used in conjunction with TPE to restore immune balance and prevent potential negative effects caused by the removal of plasma. During TPE, not only are harmful substances removed from circulation, but essential immune components such as antibodies and regulatory proteins may also be depleted. “IVIG serves to replenish these immunoglobulins, thereby supporting immune function and reducing the risk of infections or immune dysregulation that may occur post-TPE,” informs Dr Reddy.
Additionally, he mentions that IVIG has its anti-inflammatory properties, which may further contribute to the rejuvenation effects attributed to TPE. It is believed to modulate cytokine activity, reducing excessive immune activation while promoting a more balanced immune response. “This could be particularly important in bi-weekly TPE protocols, where frequent plasma exchange may lead to excessive depletion of protective immune factors. IVIG may help sustain the biological age reductions observed with TPE by restoring immune homeostasis and potentially enhancing regenerative processes. However, it remains unclear whether IVIG alone has independent anti-aging effects or if its role is primarily supportive in the context of TPE,” he stresses.
While TPE and IVIG are generally considered safe when used for medical purposes, frequent use of these therapies in otherwise healthy individuals carries potential risks. Dr Reddy explains, “One concern is the depletion of essential proteins and electrolytes, which can lead to imbalances that affect various physiological functions. Removing plasma too frequently may also reduce beneficial antibodies and clotting factors, potentially increasing the risk of infections or bleeding disorders.”
Another risk associated with frequent TPE is cardiovascular strain, he continues. “The process of plasma exchange involves significant fluid shifts, which can cause fluctuations in blood pressure and increase the risk of hypotension, especially in individuals with underlying cardiovascular conditions. IVIG, on the other hand, can sometimes trigger allergic reactions, headaches, fever, and, in rare cases, more serious immune complications. Given these potential risks, it is crucial for individuals considering frequent TPE with IVIG to undergo thorough medical evaluation and continuous monitoring to ensure that the procedure does not lead to unintended health consequences,” says Dr Reddy.
DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.
