How toxic is phthalate, commonly found in your perfumes, laundry detergents, and air fresheners?

According to the study in mice presented at ENDO 2023, the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Chicago, Ill, prenatal exposure to chemicals called phthalates, may impact the level of sex hormones needed during the foetal and neonatal periods. These disruptions in the levels at these times can cause reproductive abnormalities that may not be evident until adulthood, the study noted.

Even men stand impacted, experts suggest owing to the effect on the testosterone levels which can impact one’s sex drive.

Dr Surya Kant Choubey, consultant – Urology, Manipal Hospital, Old Airport Road, Bangalore mentioned that studies show that phthalates are known to disrupt the androgen-regulated development of the male reproductive tract. “It is also observed that phthalates decrease testosterone levels, impair sexual behaviour, decrease sperm production and epididymal sperm count, thereby leading to impaired spermatogenesis and impaired male fertility.”

Phthalates are often used as components of fragrances in various personal care products, including colognes, deodorants, and shampoos. Fragrance ingredients are not always listed on product labels due to trade secret protection, making it challenging for consumers to know which products contain phthalates, explained Dr Surabhi Siddhartha, consultant obstetrician and gynecologist, Motherhood Hospital Kharghar.

Furthermore, phthalates also contribute to increased incidence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity in men, further affecting testosterone levels, sex drive, and fertility, said Dr Choubey.

While there is evidence of a potential link between phthalate exposure and changes in testosterone levels, the exact mechanisms and long-term health effects are still being studied. “Some researchers and health experts express concerns about the cumulative impact of exposure to these chemicals, especially in products applied directly to the skin or inhaled,” urged Dr Surabhi.

However, it’s important to note that the relationship between phthalates, fragrances, and testosterone levels is an area of ongoing research, and not all studies have shown consistent results. “Regulatory agencies are also taking steps to monitor and regulate the use of certain phthalates in consumer products due to potential health concerns,” Dr Surabhi said.

Look for products labelled as “phthalate-free (Source: Freepik)

Here are some ways to reduce your exposure to phthalates:

*Choose phthalate-free products: Look for products labeled as “phthalate-free.” This applies to personal care products, such as shampoos, lotions, and cosmetics, as well as items like children’s toys, food containers, and household plastics.

*Read labels: Examine product labels to identify phthalates or chemicals with names like “DBP,” “DEP,” or “DINP.” Avoid products containing these substances.

 *Use natural and organic products: Opt for natural and organic personal care products. These are less likely to contain synthetic chemicals like phthalates.

*Fragrance-free options: Select fragrance-free or unscented products, as phthalates are often used in fragrances. If you prefer scented products, choose those scented with essential oils or natural fragrances.

*Avoid PVC plastics: Phthalates are commonly used in PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plastics. Reduce your use of PVC products, including vinyl flooring, shower curtains, and plastic food containers. Opt for alternatives made from safer materials.

*Choose glass or stainless steel: When possible, use glass or stainless-steel containers for food and beverages instead of plastic containers. These materials do not contain phthalates.

*Reduce fast food and processed food: Phthalates can leach into food from packaging materials. Reducing your consumption of fast food and processed, packaged foods can help lower exposure.

*Regular handwashing: Frequent handwashing, especially before eating, can help reduce the transfer of phthalates from hand-to-mouth.

Frequent handwashing, especially before eating, can help reduce the transfer of phthalates from hand-to-mouth (Source: Getty Images/Thinkstock)

*Properly ventilate: When using products like air fresheners or cleaners, ensure good ventilation to reduce indoor air pollution, which may contain phthalates.

*Dust control: Regularly clean and dust your home to reduce the accumulation of phthalates, as they can be found in household dust.

*Wash hands and toys: For children’s toys, wash them regularly to reduce potential exposure to phthalates, especially those made of soft plastics.

*Educate yourself: Stay informed about the presence of phthalates in various products and make informed choices about what you bring into your home.

Remember that reducing exposure to phthalates is a gradual process. By taking these steps, you can minimise your contact with these chemicals and promote a healthier environment for yourself and your family.

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