Chhena Poda: This traditional sweet dish from Odisha is a significant part the region’s culinary heritage

Historical origins of Chhena Poda and its significance in Odisha’s culinary heritage

“Chhena Poda is a beloved traditional dessert from Odisha, and it’s an essential part of the state’s rich culinary heritage. The name Chhena Poda literally translates to ‘baked cheese’ (with chhena meaning fresh cheese or paneer, and poda meaning baked in the local language, Odia), which reflects the dessert’s main ingredient,” informs head chef and restaurant consultant Tarveen Kaur.

Chef Tarveen adds, “This dish is believed to have originated in the Nayagarh district of Odisha, particularly in the town of Bhubaneswar, sometime during the 19th century. It has since become synonymous with festivals like Rath Yatra and Makar Sankranti, often prepared for special occasions and celebrations. It’s not just a treat for the tastebuds, but also holds deep cultural significance, showcasing Odisha’s unique way of making use of dairy in traditional sweets.”

Chhena Poda stands out in Odisha’s culinary landscape as a dessert that perfectly captures the region’s long-standing tradition of using chhena in various forms. While other parts of India have their own variations of milk-based desserts, this baked cheese creation is a true local treasure, highlights the chef.

Kanikka Malhotra, consultant dietician, adds, “While Chhena Poda is a recent addition to Odisha’s culinary scene, it has rapidly become a symbol of the state’s sweet taste. Today, Chhena Poda is more than a dessert; it represents Odisha’s culinary legacy. Its popularity has resulted in its inclusion in various festivals and celebrations, cementing its place in the state’s cultural landscape. “

Traditional methods and key ingredients used in making authentic Chhena Poda

Making Chhena Poda involves a few simple, yet technical and crucial steps. Chef Tarveen elaborates:

Chhena (Cottage Cheese): The base of the dessert is fresh *chhena*, which is made by curdling milk using either lemon juice or vinegar. This is then kneaded until it reaches a dough-like consistency, ensuring it’s smooth and soft.

Sugar: Chhena is mixed with sugar, which caramelizes during baking, adding that sweet, rich flavour we love. The sugar is just the right amount—enough to sweeten the dessert, but not overwhelm the chhena’s natural flavour.

Cardamom and Nuts: To flavour the mixture, ground cardamom is added. Sometimes, cashews, raisins, or pistachios are mixed in for a bit of texture and extra richness.

Baking: The prepared mixture is shaped into a round or rectangular form and slowly baked at a low temperature. The baking process helps achieve a golden-brown crust on the outside, while keeping the inside soft, slightly creamy, and full of flavour.

Ghee (Clarified Butter): A little ghee is sometimes brushed on top before baking, which not only adds richness but also contributes to the golden finish.

Malhotra says, “While Chhena Poda is undeniably delicious, it’s important to remember that it’s a sweet treat meant to be enjoyed occasionally.” It is high in sugar and fat due to full-cream milk, ghee, and sugar. These ingredients can contribute to weight gain and other health problems if consumed excessively. 

Additionally, it may not be suitable for those with dietary restrictions or health conditions. People with diabetes, heart disease, or specific allergies may need to avoid or limit their intake of Chhena Poda.

Evolution of the recipe and popularity of Chhena Poda

While the primary recipe for Chhena Poda has remained largely constant, Malhotra says, there have been minor changes. “Originally, the dessert was baked in earthen pots, giving it a distinctive smokey flavour. With the introduction of contemporary ovens, the baking process has become more uniform. However, many traditionalists prefer the earthy flavour of the oven-baked variety.” 

Chef Tarveen mentions, “This dessert started out as a rural treat, commonly made in Odia homes and temples, especially during festive occasions. Over time, its deliciously distinct taste and unique preparation method started gaining more attention. With the advent of modern ovens and better access to ingredients, Chhena Poda became easier to make in larger quantities, which led to its inclusion in sweet shops and restaurants throughout Odisha.”

Today, she notes, Chhena Poda isn’t just a local favourite — it has become a well-known dessert across India. Its popularity soared thanks to its unforgettable flavour and texture. The dish’s reputation has also spread internationally, making appearances at food festivals, and gaining recognition in places beyond Odisha.

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