Filmmaker Shekhar Kapur reveals he is ‘completely dyslexic’; know more about the condition

This isn’t the first time that Kapur has opened up about his dyslexia. In 2018, too, he shared he is completely dyslexic and has an intense ADD (Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder). ” I don’t know what else! Thank God there were no special schools for kids like me when I was growing up. They would have beaten out all the rebellion in me. Certainly would not have made any films. Or been creative,” he wrote at the time.

But, what is dyslexia?

According to Dr Suresh Kumar Panuganti, Lead Consultant, Pediatric Critical Care and Pediatrics, Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad, it is a neurodevelopmental issue that primarily affects a person’s ability to read, write, and spell. “Due to difficulties recognising speech sounds and understanding how they relate to letters and words (decoding), people with dyslexia have trouble reading. Dyslexia, sometimes known as a reading handicap, is brought on by individual variations in language processing regions of the brain,” he added.

Dyslexia is known to affect between 5 to 20 per cent of the population. Nearly 35 million children are believed to have dyslexia in India, which has a 10 per cent estimated incidence of the learning disability, according to the Department of Biotechnology.

Dr Panuganti shared that individual variations in the regions of the brain that facilitate reading are the causes of dyslexia. “Usually, it runs in families. It appears that specific genes that have an impact on how the brain processes language and reading are associated with dyslexia.”

Dyslexia is known to affect between 5 to 20 per cent of the population (Source: Getty Images)

Symptoms

Here are some common symptoms of dyslexia:

*Tardy talking
*Slowly learning new words
*Incorrect word formation, such as misplacing words with similar sounds or reversing sounds in words
*Difficulties naming or recalling letters, numbers, and colours
*Playing rhyming games or having trouble learning nursery rhymes
*Problems processing and understanding what is heard difficulties coming up with the proper term or formulating replies to inquiries reading
*Substantially below the expected level for age
*Issues with recalling the order of events
*Difficulty recognising patterns and distinctions in letters and words, as well as infrequently hearing them
*Inability to correctly pronounce a foreign word; difficulty spelling

Management of dyslexia

Dr Panuganti shared the following tips to manage the issue:

*Recognise and use the tiniest sounds (phonemes) that words are made of.
*Recognise that these sounds and words are represented by letters and strings of letters (phonics).
*Recognise what has been read
*Improve your reading fluency, speed, and accuracy by reading aloud.
*Develop a vocabulary of terms that people can understand.
*Learning in the early years is most effective on a “one-to-one basis”. This has to be provided by the parents at home and the special educator at the school.
*Child who needs individual support may find it difficult to benefit from a classroom-like situation and hence needs to be integrated carefully.

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