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Journalism of Courage
There have been reports of a woman in Kolkata suffering from a human coronavirus or HKU1, a species of coronavirus. However, HKU1 is generally linked to milder respiratory illnesses and is not of pandemic potential. According to reports, the Kolkata patient is now stable.
“There are many kinds of coronaviruses. But unlike Covid-19, which was a novel virus when the outbreak happened, HKU-1 was first identified in 2005 as a rare isolate. So you cannot call it a novel virus. Evidence indicates it is evolving steadily in humans, probably the only known reservoir. Most people get infected with these viruses at some point in their lives and these last for a limited duration. So there is no need to panic over it,” says Dr Suranjit Chatterjee, senior consultant, internal medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi.
“This generally affects the upper respiratory tract, causing symptoms similar to those of the common cold and flu,” he adds.
What are the symptoms of human coronavirus?
They are similar to regular flu symptoms. So there is malaise, persistent cough, runny nose or nasal congestion, blocked sinuses, sore throat, fatigue, headaches and fever, usually low grade. In severe cases, the infection can lead to pneumonia or bronchitis. Since it infects cells along the airways, it can descend to the lungs, potentially causing pneumonia.
Who is at risk?
The disease is self-limiting and resolves on its own. But vulnerable groups like the elderly, children, pregnant women, those with immuno-compromised conditions or with co-morbidities need to be vigilant for severe manifestation of the disease.
How does the human coronavirus HKU1 spread?
It spreads like any other coronavirus. It is transmitted during direct contact with the infected person via respiratory droplets (coughing or sneezing), touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the face, mouth, or nose.
What are prevention methods?
Just revive the Covid time protocol. Which means follow strict norms of hand hygiene and wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Or sanitise them. This is something we have become lax about. Wear a mask in crowded or high-risk areas. Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing or stay away from social interactions when sick. Stay hydrated and get enough rest.
There are no antivirals for this. Considering the self-limited course of infection, supportive care and symptomatic relief are sufficient.
