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Dr Sandeep Patel, Associate Professor of Orthopaedics at PGI, Chandigarh, has developed a new classification system for ankle malunion, the Patel–Dhillon Classification. This is the first comprehensive and structured classification that encompasses all types of ankle malunions, providing surgeons with a detailed framework for assessment and management. The classification has been published in the Indian Journal of Orthopaedics, marking a significant academic contribution from PGI to the field of trauma and reconstructive orthopaedic surgery.
Ankle malunion refers to fractures around the ankle that have healed in an improper position, often due to neglect or inadequate fixation. These complex deformities can cause pain, instability, and arthritis if not addressed appropriately. Traditionally, such cases were managed with ankle fusion (arthrodesis), sacrificing joint motion to relieve pain. However, with recent advances in orthopaedic reconstruction, joint-preserving corrective osteotomies have emerged as viable options in select patients.
The Patel–Dhillon classification serves as a practical guide to help surgeons understand the anatomical and mechanical aspects of various malunion patterns, thereby assisting in selecting the optimal corrective procedure. This classification aims to improve clinical outcomes by promoting joint preservation wherever feasible.
Speaking about the significance of this work, Dr Patel said, “Ankle malunions have long been considered difficult to manage, with fusion often seen as the only solution. Through this classification, we aim to provide clarity and direction to surgeons in analysing the deformity comprehensively and choosing corrective, joint-preserving procedures wherever possible. It represents an important step toward restoring both form and function in patients who otherwise would have lost their ankle joint.”
This is Dr Patel’s third classification related to fractures and injuries around the ankle developed in the past two years, reinforcing his leadership and ongoing contribution to orthopaedic innovation. He also holds the distinction of being the only Indian surgeon to have a fracture pattern around the ankle named after him in the past year.
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