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Intel Corporation: A Semiconductor Giant Intel, headquartered in Santa Clara, California, is a leading American multinational technology corporation specializing in the design, manufacture, and sale of computer components. Founded in 1968 by Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce, and Arthur Rock, Intel's early success was driven by SRAM and DRAM memory chips. The company's creation of the world's first commercial microprocessor, the Intel 4004, in 1971, laid the foundation for its future dominance. The rise of the personal computer in the 1990s propelled Intel to prominence, particularly through its influential "Wintel" partnership with Microsoft. This era saw Intel become the dominant supplier of PC microprocessors, holding a near-monopoly market share. However, this period also witnessed aggressive business tactics employed to maintain its market position. While facing increased competition in recent decades, including from AMD, Intel retains a significant market share in the x86 processor market. Its ability to both design and manufacture its chips—a rarity in the industry—remains a crucial competitive advantage. Intel's current product portfolio includes CPUs, chipsets, GPUs, and other components catering to both business and consumer markets. The company's continued innovation and its vertical integration in semiconductor manufacturing solidify its position as a major player in the global technology landscape. Its contribution to the rise of Silicon Valley and the broader tech industry remains undeniable.

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Company type Public
Industry Semiconductors
Founded July 18, 1968
Founders Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce, Arthur Rock
Headquarters Santa Clara, California, U.S.
Area served Worldwide
Key people Lip-Bu Tan (CEO), Frank D. Yeary (chairman), David Zinsner (CFO), MJ Holthaus (co-CEO - products)
Revenue US$53.1 billion (2024)
Net income -US$19.2 billion (2024)
Number of employees 108,900 (2024)
Subsidiaries Mobileye (94.2%), Intel Ireland
Website www.intel.com

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Intel history

Last Updated : 23/03/25, 08:09 AM

Intel: From Memory Chips to AI Ambitions Intel, founded in 1968 by Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce, and Arthur Rock, quickly established itself as a semiconductor pioneer. Initially focusing on memory chips, its 1103 DRAM became a global bestseller by 1972. A pivotal moment arrived in 1971 with the launch of the Intel 4004, the first commercially available microprocessor, revolutionizing computing. Expansion followed, with international manufacturing facilities opening in the 1970s and 80s. The company's fortunes shifted with the rise of the IBM PC, solidifying Intel's dominance in microprocessors throughout the 1980s and 90s, fueled by the "Wintel" partnership and the successful "Intel Inside" campaign. However, increased competition from AMD and manufacturing challenges, particularly with the NetBurst microarchitecture and difficulties in transitioning to 10nm processes, led to market share erosion in the 2000s. Legal battles over intellectual property further complicated the landscape. Attempts at diversification met with limited success, and the company faced further setbacks with the loss of the smartphone market and struggles with its 10nm process node. Security vulnerabilities like Meltdown and Spectre added to the challenges. Under CEO Pat Gelsinger, a restructuring strategy, IDM 2.0, aimed to revitalize Intel through manufacturing investments and partnerships. This included initiatives in AI, with the introduction of Gaudi AI chips and Xeon processors designed for data centers. However, despite substantial investments and new facilities, Intel's financial performance remained inconsistent, leading to significant job cuts and Gelsinger’s departure in December 2024. Lip-Bu Tan was appointed CEO in March 2025, inheriting the task of navigating Intel through its ongoing transformation.