UPSC Essentials | Daily subject-wise quiz — Environment, Geography, Science and Technology (Week 27)

2. HEL1OS is an internal reflective coronagraph to meet observational requirements.

3. Visible Emission Line Coronagraph will continuously measure solar soft x-ray flux.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d) None

QUESTION 2

With reference to the methane, consider the following statements:

1. Rice fields contribute to nearly 10% of global methane emissions.

2. Methanotrophs metabolise and convert methane into oxygen.

3. Methanotrophs require tremendous pressure and extreme temperatures.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d) None

QUESTION 3

Which country has announced a $500 million debt-for-nature swap?

(a) Niger

(b) Gabon

(c) Ghana

(d) Senegal

QUESTION 4

With reference to the Global Summit on Traditional Medicine, consider the following statements:

1. The first edition of the summit took place in India in collaboration with World Health Organisation (WHO).

2. The major outcome of the summit, Gujarat Deceleration aims to enhance the appropriate integration of traditional medicine into national health systems.

3. Traditional medicines are important for preventing and treating non-communicable diseases.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d) None

QUESTION 5

Consider the following pairs:

     (Tiger Reserve (T.R))                (State)

1. Kamlang T.R                              Meghalaya

2. Nameri T.R                                 West Bengal

3. Ramgarh Vishdhari T.R         Karnataka

How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d) None

ANSWERS TO THE MCQs

1. (a)

FYI:

— The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched Aditya L-1, its first space-based mission to study the Sun, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota.

— The solar probe was carried into space by the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) in ‘XL’ configuration.

— The rocket is most powerful in the ‘XL’ configuration as it is equipped with six extended strap-on boosters — they are larger than the boosters of other configurations and, therefore, can carry heavier payloads.

— The PSLV will initially place the Aditya L-1 in a lower Earth orbit. Subsequently, the spacecraft’s orbit around the Earth will be raised multiple times before it is put on a path to a halo orbit around the L1 Lagrange point.

There are essentially seven payloads on the Aditya L-1:

— Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VLEC) to study the solar corona from the lowermost part upwards. Hence, statement 3 is not correct.

— Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SUIT) will capture the UV image of the solar photosphere and chromosphere. It will examine the variation in light energy emitted. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

— Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS) and High Energy L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer (HEL1OS) will analyse X-ray flares. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.

— Aditya Solar wind Particle Experiment (ASPEX) and Plasma Analyser Package for Aditya (PAPA) have been built to study the solar wind and energetic ions.

— The magnetometer is a dual triaxial magnetic sensor which is installed on the sun-facing deck of Aditya L1 spacecraft. It will measure the magnitude and direction of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF).

Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

2. (a)

FYI:

— Scientists have identified an enzyme that helps some bacteria remove methane from the environment and convert it into a usable fuel — paving the way for a creating a novel, sustainable source of energy. Known for their ability to methanotrophic bacteria have long fascinated researchers.

— Methanotrophs metabolise and convert methane into carbon-di-oxide. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.

— Methane, the second-most significant GHG and one that is 26 times more powerful than carbon dioxide, may be significantly reduced by them.

— Rice fields are wetlands created by humans that are submerged for a long time. Methane is produced when organic matter is broken down anaerobically. Nearly 10% of worldwide methane emissions come from rice crops. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

— Methanotrophs can also be utilised in research of methane value addition (valorization). Waste-derived bio-methane may be consumed by methanotrophs and transformed into value-added products such as single-cell proteins, carotenoids, biodiesel, and so on.

— Current industrial processes to catalyse a methane-to-methanol reaction require tremendous pressure and extreme temperatures, reaching higher than 1,300 degrees Celsius. Methanotrophs, however, perform the reaction at room temperature and “for free.” Hence, statement 3 is not correct.

Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

(Other Source: pib.gov.in)

3. (b)

FYI:

— Gabon announced a debt-for-nature exchange of $500 million. It is the largest such agreement made by any nation in Africa to repay its debt and safeguard maritime resources.

— Gabon’s debt was restructured through the issuance of a Blue Bond in the world’s second-largest debt-for-nature swap.

— Ecuador agreed to the world’s first and biggest debt exchange to save seas in May 2023.

— Gabon has promised to spend $5 million per year from the savings on marine conservation for the following 15 years. This money will be used to further vital conservation goals, safeguard endangered species, and promote the country’s long-term “blue economy.”

Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

(Other Source: http://www.downtoearth.org.in)

4. (c)

FYI:

— The first WHO Traditional Medicine Global Summit “Towards health and well-being for all” was held in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

— Participants at the Summit included a diverse spectrum of stakeholders, including health and TCIM practitioners, civil society activists, and Indigenous Peoples, as well as health policy and decision-makers and government officials from the G20 and other nations.

— Traditional medicines are important for preventing and treating non-communicable diseases. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

— Gujarat declaration, the main outcome of this global summit, will enhance the appropriate integration of traditional medicine into national health systems. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.

(Other Source: http://www.who.int)

5. (d)

FYI:

Tiger Reserve (T.R)	State
Kamlang T.R	Arunachal Pradesh
Nameri T.R	Assam
Ramgarh Vishdhari T.R	Rajasthan

Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.

Previous Daily Subject-Wise-Quiz

Daily subject-wise quiz — Polity and Governance (Week 27)

Daily Subject-wise quiz — History, Culture, and Social Issues (Week 27)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Environment, Geography, Science and Technology (Week 26)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Economy (Week 26)

Daily subject-wise quiz – International Relations (Week 26)

Subscribe to our UPSC newsletter and stay updated with the news cues from the past week.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BgU2a8mA6oQ?si=cIeZdOTvRaqPipj7