Teachers’ Day 2025: Why India celebrates Sept 5 — history, significance of Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

On the day, in schools and colleges across the country, the day is observed through a change in roles among students and their teachers. Senior students often take on the role of teachers, often dressed as them, and conduct classes for juniors. Also included are cultural activities, speeches, and functions are organised to highlight the importance of teaching. In some institutions, teachers themselves step into the role of students, symbolising the mutual bond of learning between the two.

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Why Teacher’s Day is celebrated?

Teacher’s Day is meant to acknowledge the contribution of teachers in imparting knowledge and building values in students. It provides an opportunity for students to express gratitude to their teachers. The tradition began in 1962, when the Government of India declared Dr Radhakrishnan’s birth anniversary as Teachers’ Day, following his request that his birthday be observed not as a personal celebration, but as a day dedicated to teachers.

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Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan’s role

Born in 1888, Dr. Radhakrishnan was a renowned scholar of philosophy who later became the first Vice President (1952–1962) and second President of India (1962–1967). He believed that teachers should be the best minds in the country and stressed the importance of education in national development. His contributions as a teacher, academic, and leader form the reason his birthday is commemorated as Teacher’s Day in India.

World Teacher’s day on October 5

Apart from India’s observance, World Teacher’s Day is celebrated globally on October 5. It was established by UNESCO in 1994 to mark the adoption of the 1966 ILO/UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers, recognising their rights and responsibilities. The global day is dedicated to highlighting teachers’ role in education systems worldwide.

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