Jul 30, 2024
The hormonal impact of contraceptive pills beyond birth control
Siddhartha Jana
The contraceptive pill causes complex hormonal changes beyond its primary role of preventing pregnancy.
Source: Canva
Most pills are combined oral contraceptives (COCs) that contain synthetic estrogen and progestin.
Source: Canva
COCs work primarily by suppressing ovulation through inhibiting follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
Source: Canva
Progestin thickens cervical mucus to block sperm from reaching the egg and thins the uterine lining to prevent egg implantation.
Source: Canva
Common short-term side effects include nausea, breast tenderness, breakthrough bleeding, headaches, mood changes, and decreased libido.
Source: Canva
Long-term use of COCs slightly increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), though this risk is relatively low.
Source: Canva
The pill provides non-contraceptive benefits such as lighter periods, reduced menstrual cramps, and a lower risk of ovarian and endometrial cancers.
Source: Canva
The pill does not typically affect long-term fertility; normal ovulation and menstruation usually resume shortly after discontinuation.
Source: Canva
Habits to avoid for a healthy heart: Insights from cardiologists
Habits to avoid for a healthy heart: Insights from cardiologists