Oct 29, 2025

8 neurodevelopmental disorders you must know about

Aanya Mehta

ADHD

Characterised by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness that interfere with daily life, especially in school or work settings.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Affects communication, social interaction, and behaviour. People with ASD may show repetitive patterns or struggle with social cues, though symptoms vary widely.

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Dyslexia

A learning disorder that makes reading, spelling, and writing challenging despite normal intelligence. Early diagnosis and tailored teaching methods can help.

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Dyspraxia

A motor skills disorder that affects physical coordination, making everyday tasks like writing, dressing, or sports more difficult.

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Intellectual Disabilities

Involves limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviours, such as learning, reasoning, and problem solving. Supportive education is crucial.

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Speech and Language Disorders

These include difficulties in understanding or producing speech, such as stuttering or delayed language development, often seen in early childhood.

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Tourette's Disease

A condition involving repetitive, involuntary movements or vocal sounds called tics. Symptoms often appear in childhood and can vary in severity.

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Fragile X Syndrome

A genetic condition causing developmental delays, learning disabilities, and social or behavioural challenges. It’s one of the most common inherited causes of intellectual disability.

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