3 min readMay 27, 2020 03:36 PM IST
First published on: May 27, 2020 at 03:36 PM IST
Damage after a fire in Moshkovo District, Novosibirsk Region, south Siberia on April 23. Photographer: Kirill Kukhmar/TASS via Getty Images
After the hottest winter on record in Russia, spring has brought with it a heatwave to Siberia.
The region has witnessed unusually warm weather this month, with temperatures in some parts of the Arctic as much as 16 degrees Celsius (29 degrees Fahrenheit) higher than the monthly norm, according to Russia’s federal meteorological service.
High temperatures and low precipitation have dried out vegetation sooner than normal leading to wildfires in the boreal forests with some blazes starting in March and stretching into May. An early start typically means a longer fire season, according to academics at Swansea University.
Though sparsely populated, the vast region’s state can have global impact. “Siberia has a lot of stored carbon,” said Cristina Santin Nuno, associate professor at Swansea University. “What happens to it will affect the planet in a substantial way.”
Across Europe forecasters are braced for sweltering temperatures and little rainfall this summer, compounding what was a mild winter and threatening droughts, according to scientists at the Copernicus Climate Change Service.
Wildfires and hotter temperatures kickstart sea-ice melt sooner. The receding ice in the Arctic has opened up the Northern Sea Route to tanker traffic a month earlier than usual this year. The pathway is the shortest and cheapest way for cargoes of liquefied natural gas produced in the Russian Arctic to reach Asia.
“Our forecast is [summer wildfires] will begin at the end of June, a month earlier than usual,” said Gregory Kuksin of Greenpeace Russia.
These forecasts come after Siberia saw some of the worst wildfires last summer, which burned more than 13 million hectares of land—an area the size of Greece. Over the winter period, Siberia has also likely suffered “zombie fires” in the peatlands that can burn under snowpack and release carbon stored thousands of years ago, according to the New Scientist.
Enormous wildfires burned in the Amazon, Indonesia, Australia and the Arctic Circle over the last year destroying native forests and vulnerable animal species as well as releasing billions of tons of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
Damage after a fire in Moshkovo District, Novosibirsk Region, south Siberia on April 23. Photographer: Kirill Kukhmar/TASS via Getty Images
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