331 kids HIV+ in Pakistan: Undercover footage exposes how hospital reused syringes

The investigation also found violations of basic hygiene protocols. Staff were seen administering injections without gloves dozens of times, while improper handling of medical waste was also observed. Infectious disease specialist Dr Altaf Ahmed described the practices as “violating every principle of injecting medicine.”

Unsafe practices despite suspension

The report added that after a doctor at a private clinic linked the outbreak to the hospital, called THQ Taunsa, in late 2024, local authorities promised a “massive crackdown” and suspended the hospital’s medical superintendent in March 2025.

Despite earlier assurances of reform, including the suspension of THQ Taunsa Hospital’s medical superintendent Dr Tayyab Farooq Chandio, in March 2025, the BBC found that unsafe practices persisted months later. Hospital authorities have disputed the findings, suggesting the footage may be outdated or staged, and maintaining that the facility is safe.

Chandio was replaced by Buzdar, who told the BBC that HIV was his “main focus” when he took the job in March 2025 and that he had a “zero tolerance” policy for unsafe infection control.

“We conducted training programmes for the paramedics and staff nurses on how to prevent and defeat HIV. The most important part is our section on infection prevention control. They have been properly trained in this,” he was quoted as saying.

Data analysed by BBC Eye indicates that contaminated needles were listed as the likely mode of transmission in more than half of the cases. Crucially, very few mothers of infected children tested positive, ruling out mother-to-child transmission in most cases.