Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. The lack of specialized training programs in AI is the primary barrier to its effective implementation in developing countries.
2. Developed nations have successfully integrated AI into their systems solely due to their advanced infrastructure and financial resources.
3. The potential of AI in developing countries can only be realized if domain-specific knowledge is prioritized over technological expertise.
Which of the assumptions given above is/are valid in the context of the passage?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation:
Assumption 1 is correct as the developing countries don’t have the required expertise and the financial resources to implement the AI Models across disciplines.
Assumption 2 is also correct because the developed countries have abundant financial and technical resources to integrate AI into the university curriculum and apply the learning outcomes across sectors including health, finance, and education.
Assumption 3, however, is incorrect because the paragraph doesn’t mention anywhere if domain-specific knowledge is more important than technical expertise. Hence, this assumption is not backed strongly by the paragraph. Rather, the paragraph mentions that both types of knowledge are required to implement AI models effectively.
Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.
QUESTION #2
Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage? (Refer to the paragraph in Question#1)
(a) Developing countries need to invest in specialized training programs to bridge the gap between AI potential and implementation.
(b) AI is only effective in developed countries due to their advanced infrastructure.
(c) The integration of AI in healthcare, finance, and education has no significant impact on developing nations.
(d) Developing countries should avoid adopting AI technologies due to their complexity and high costs.
Explanation:
The paragraph attributes the lack of development of AI Infrastructure in developing countries to the lack of financial resources and expertise. It highlights that the developed countries have integrated AI into their curriculum across disciplines. Hence, A is the closest inference that can be drawn from the paragraph.
Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.
QUESTION #3
A person buys three articles P, Q and R for 3,330. If P costs 25% more than R and R costs 20% more than Q, then what is the cost of P?
(a) 1,000
(b) 1,200
(c) 1,250
(d) 1,350
Explanation:
We are given that the total cost of P, Q, and R is Rs. 3,330.
Let the cost of Q be Rs. x.
According to the question, the cost of R becomes 20% more than Rs. x i.e. 1.2x
Similarly, the cost of P is 25% more than the cost of R i.e. 1.2x + 25% of 1.2x = 1.5x
Therefore, (d) is the correct answer.
QUESTION #4
You are given two identical sequences in two rows:
Explanation:
This is a PYQ from 2021.
We are given that Sequence 1 and Sequence 2 have identical patterns.
First, let us identify the pattern in Sequence I and then apply the same pattern in Sequence II to find the value of C.
Therefore, (c) is the correct answer.
QUESTION #5
What is the unit digit in the expansion of
?
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8
Explanation:
Note: x raised to the power of n is written here as x^y.
This is PYQ from 2023.
Whenever we have to find out the unit digit of an expression, we discard the entire number and just focus on the unit digit of the entire expression. So, we can simplify the above expression as (2) ^ (9*7*5*3).
Further simplifying the expression, we have to find out the unit digit of (2) ^945
In powers of 2, the unit digit repeats itself after every 4th power. It means that the cyclicity of 2 is 4.
Dividing the power of 2 i.e. 945 by 4 we get 2^1. (In such questions, we divide the power by the cyclicity of the number and then put the remainder as the new power. On dividing 945 by 4, we get 1 as the remainder.)
Hence, the answer is (2)^1 = 2.
Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.
(About our Expert: Mudit Gupta has been a mentor and faculty for the UPSC Civil Services exam for 8 years with expertise in CSAT, Polity, International Relations, and Current Affairs. He is known to break complex concepts into simpler ones that allow UPSC aspirants to develop a grip over the subject matter.)
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When it comes to CSAT Paper II, solving mock questions is one of the most preferred and effective strategy that is recommended. Here is the Practice Set 7 
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