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Top 10 largest central banks by total assets in 2025: Where does Reserve Bank of India rank globally?

Top 10 largest central banks by total assets in 2025 list: The European Central Bank has the largest assets worth $7.13 trillion, as of October 2025, according to BIS quarterly list.

2 min readNew DelhiUpdated: Jan 5, 2026 06:34 AM IST

Delhi signs pact with RBI to access market borrowings, ending reliance on high-interest NSSF loans for capital spending. (File Image)

Top 10 largest central banks by total assets in 2025: In 2025, the world’s largest central banks still had big balance sheets, which demonstrated that they still had a lot of power over global financial conditions despite ongoing inflation pressures and geopolitical and economic uncertainty about the economy and politics.

The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) has published its quarterly list of the world’s central banks ranked by total assets in November 2025.

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The European Central Bank for the Euro Area has the largest assets, with a total of $7.13 trillion, as of October 2025.

It is closely trailed by the People’s Bank of China, which holds $6.62 trillion, and the United States Federal Reserve, with total assets reaching $6.59 trillion.

These three central banks together hold more than half of all central bank assets in the world, highlighting asset accumulation largely by the world’s biggest economies.

Switzerland holds the fourth position with assets exceeding $1.1 trillion, despite its relatively small population.

Developed economies dominate the list of their central banks having maximum wealth; emerging markets are making noteworthy strides.

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The Reserve Bank of India ranks seventh globally, with total assets of approximately $911 billion.

Following closely, Brazil occupies the eighth position with total assets of $898 billion.

Top 10 largest central banks in the world: Ranked by total assets as of 2025

Euro Area

European Central Bank

$7,129.9B Total Assets (USD)

China

People's Bank of China

$6,621.1B Total Assets (USD)

United States

Federal Reserve

$6,587.0B Total Assets (USD)

Japan

Bank of Japan

$4,516.5B Total Assets (USD)

Switzerland

Swiss National Bank

$1,107.9B Total Assets (USD)

United Kingdom

Bank of England

$1,000.5B Total Assets (USD)

India

Reserve Bank of India

$911.4B Total Assets (USD)

Brazil

Central Bank of Brazil

$898.2B Total Assets (USD)

Singapore

Monetary Authority

$610.0B Total Assets (USD)

#10

Hong Kong

Hong Kong Monetary Authority

$533.6B Total Assets (USD)

Indian Express InfoGenIE

Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
Note: Quarter Report: Total assets data as of September and October 2025

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Cherry Gupta

Cherry Gupta is an Assistant Manager – Content at The Indian Express. She leads the Top 10 section, curating list-based features on key national and international developments, and manages daily news content. She also produces SEO-driven articles and collaborates with the Lifestyle team to conduct interviews with notable artists and write workplace culture features. ... Read More