3 min readNew DelhiNov 16, 2024 10:50 PM IST
First published on: Nov 16, 2024 at 05:00 PM IST
As winter sets in, the northern parts of India are, once again, grappling with hazardous air quality. With mostly urban centers affected, reports state that a thick layer of smog has blanketed several cities, impacting not only public health but also day-to-day activities.
“Smog is a type of air pollution that creates a hazy or foggy atmosphere, reducing visibility and affecting air quality. Originally used in the early 1900s to describe a blend of smoke and fog, the term ‘smog’ referred to pollution from coal-burning, especially common in industrial areas,” an indianexpress.com report said.
While respiratory and cardiovascular problems caused by pollution are widely known, its less-discussed impact on productivity is equally alarming. Prolonged exposure to polluted air can diminish concentration, energy levels, and overall efficiency, posing significant challenges for both individuals and businesses.
How air pollution impacts focus, energy, and productivity
Dr Vikas Mittal, pulmonologist and director at Wellness Home Clinic and Sleep Centre, Paschim Vihar, said that while the exact mechanisms by which air pollution affects focus, energy, and productivity are not yet fully understood, its effects are often linked to recurrent airway injury and inflammation caused by pollutant exposure.
“These conditions frequently lead to symptoms such as cold, cough, and general discomfort, which disrupt sleep patterns. Poor sleep, in turn, negatively impacts focus, energy levels, and overall productivity,” he said.
Indoor air purification measures can offer some benefits (Source: Freepik)
Long-term cognitive effects
Air pollution may also have a direct impact on the brain, potentially causing neurotoxicity, according to Dr Mittal. He said, “A recent study has found robust associations between exposure to various air pollutants and poor cognitive performance. Notably, significant links have been observed between exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and black carbon––both traffic-related air pollutants––and decline in cognitive performance. These findings highlight the critical role of pollution in cognitive aging and underscore the need for strategies to mitigate these effects.”
Indoor air purification and its limitations
Dr Mittal is of the opinion that while indoor air purification measures can provide relief, especially for individuals with desk jobs who spend most of their time indoors, they are not a comprehensive solution.
“These measures are limited in effectiveness for vulnerable groups such as children with developing brains or individuals frequently exposed to outdoor environments, like fieldworkers or delivery personnel. Air purifiers are only effective in enclosed spaces, leaving outdoor exposure unaddressed,” he said.
Steps businesses and educational institutions can take to ensure sustained productivity during periods of poor air quality
To ensure sustained productivity during periods of poor air quality, Dr Mittal recommended that organisations and educational institutions can “improve air quality in offices through the use of air purifiers and by incorporating plants, which provide a small additional benefit.”
Regular screening for cognitive decline among employees, providing opportunities for rest in the workplace, and promoting the adoption of green building designs are also recommended strategies to mitigate the impact of pollution on productivity.
DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.
While respiratory and cardiovascular problems caused by pollution are widely known, its less-discussed impact on productivity is equally alarming. (Express Photo by Gajendra Yadav) 
Indoor air purification measures can offer some benefits (Source: Freepik)
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