Sleep is an essential physiological process crucial to maintaining overall health and well-being. It is often said humans can survive longer without food than without sleep. While the exact duration varies from person to person, sleep deprivation can have severe consequences on physical and mental health, experts insist. In the Know Your Body series, we ask experts about the importance of sleep vis-a-vis food.
Ushakiran Sisodia, registered dietician and clinical nutritionist at Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital in Mumbai said, “Yes, it is indeed true that humans can survive longer without food than without sleep.”
“Several national and international studies have proved that sleep deprivation is a more significant health challenge than starvation. Mainly because when starved, the body utilises its stored glucose, breaks down the fatty acids, and, eventually, muscle protein to generate the necessary energy for our routine activities. In short, one may be low on energy but can survive for weeks without food, provided there is sufficient hydration,” said Sisodia.
On the contrary, there’s no alternative to sleep, stressed Sisodia. “Sleep deprivation severely affects basic bodily functions and immunity. The longer one goes without sleep, one can experience cognitive disruption, mood fluctuations, hallucinations, and even death. Thus, good sleep hygiene is paramount for our well-being,” said Sisodia.
Let’s understand more about sleep
Sleep is not merely a period of rest or inactivity; it is an active state that allows the body to repair, regenerate, and restore itself, highlighted Dr J Harikishan, senior general physician at Kamineni Hospitals in Hyderabad.
“During sleep, various biological processes occur, including tissue growth and repair, hormone regulation, immune system strengthening, and consolidation of memory and learning. These functions are essential for the body to function optimally,” said Dr Harikishan. learning. These functions are essential for the body to function optimally,” said Dr Harikishan.
Food is vital for the body’s energy needs but not more than sleep (Source: Getty Images/Thinkstock)
While the statement that humans can survive longer without food than without sleep may be somewhat exaggerated, there is truth to the underlying concept, pointed out Dr Harikishan. “The human body can endure longer periods without food intake compared to sleep deprivation,” said Dr Harikishan as he listed the possible reasons:
Energy conservation: When the body is deprived of food, it can tap into stored energy reserves, such as glycogen and fat, to sustain itself. However, prolonged sleep deprivation cannot be compensated for by energy reserves alone.
Vitality restoration: Sleep allows the body to recover and replenish vital resources. The body’s ability to function efficiently and maintain homeostasis is compromised without adequate sleep.
Cognitive impairment: Sleep deprivation negatively affects cognitive function, including attention, concentration, memory, and decision-making. Prolonged periods without sleep can impair cognitive abilities to such an extent that they can lead to accidents, errors, and reduced overall productivity.
Psychological well-being: Sleep is crucial in regulating emotions and mental health. Chronic sleep deprivation increases the risk of developing mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety.
What is to be done?
Dr Harikishan said one should consider the following to prioritise sleep and maintain optimal health.
Adequate sleep duration: Most adults require 7-9 hours of sleep per night, while teenagers and children need even more. Determine your individual sleep needs and aim to meet them consistently.
Quality sleep: It’s not just about the quantity but also the sleep quality. Create a sleep-friendly environment, maintain a regular sleep schedule, and practice relaxation techniques to enhance the quality of your sleep.
Avoid sleep deprivation: Recognise the importance of sleep and prioritise it in your daily routine. Avoid habits that interfere with sleep, such as excessive caffeine intake, irregular sleep patterns, and excessive use of electronic devices before bedtime.
Seek help if needed: If you are experiencing persistent sleep difficulties, excessive daytime sleepiness, or other sleep-related concerns, consult a healthcare professional for guidance and evaluation.
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Did you know sleep is required even more than food? (Source: Getty Images/Thinkstock) 
Food is vital for the body’s energy needs but not more than sleep (Source: Getty Images/Thinkstock)
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