Expert explains what oligometastatic cancer means after actor Tannishtha Chatterjee reveals stage 4 diagnosis: ‘As if losing my father to cancer was not enough’

Despite the immense challenges, she reflected on the unexpected sources of hope and courage she has found. “But in the darkest moments, I discovered an extraordinary kind of love, the kind that shows up, holds space, and never lets you feel alone. I found it in my amazing friends and my family, whose unwavering support brought genuine smiles to my face, even on the hardest days.”

But what is oligometastatic cancer, and how does it differ from other stage 4 cancers?

Dr Mandeep Singh, chief oncologist at Art of Healing Cancer, states that metastatic cancer means the cancer has spread from its original site to other parts of the body. He tells indianexpress.com, “Oligometastatic cancer is a special situation where the extent of metastatic spread is ‘limited,’ usually to fewer than five sites in the body. For example, if someone has breast cancer and only a single site of spread in the liver or one or two bone metastases, it would be categorised as oligometastatic. The usual cut-off is fewer than five sites.”

He adds, “The reason we label this separately is because oligometastatic cancers are often considered potentially curable, unlike other stage 4 cancers, which are generally seen as incurable. If we can get a good response to systemic therapy, we can then move towards definitive local management.”

Currently, he notes that systemic therapies encompass cytotoxic chemotherapies, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, hormone/anti-oestrogen therapies, and supportive options, including integrative oncology approaches such as nutraceuticals and certain off-label medications. “Once the disease is well controlled, definitive treatments such as surgical resection of the primary site, radiation or stereotactic radiation to the metastatic site, cryotherapy, or surgical excision of metastases (if feasible) can be pursued.”

How can families prepare when the primary caregiver themselves becomes seriously ill so that their condition does not become worse?

The family support system plays a very important role in cancer care, even in achieving a cure. Dr Singh says, “It is crucial to prioritise the needs of the patient — both physical and emotional. The support system can help not only emotionally but also practically. For example, if arrangements are made to care for her elderly mother and young daughter, her stress is reduced. This stress reduction creates positive emotions, which can boost immunity and improve her overall chances of recovery.”

Addressing the fear many cancer patients have of “what will happen after me?” is also key. If families can provide reassurance and practical solutions for these concerns, it gives patients immense relief and renewed energy to keep fighting the disease.

Social and emotional support in improving the quality of life for cancer patients

Dr Singh stresses that social and emotional support is extremely important. “It not only reduces stress and anxiety but also contributes to better mental health and quality of life. Positive relationships, whether with family, friends, or caregivers, play a major role in improving treatment outcomes.”

 

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DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.