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Indira Gandhi
March-June, 1975
Mar 2: Mohan Dharia dropped from ministry after he urges Indira to open a dialogue with JP.
Mar 6: Millions join JP’s “People’s March” to Parliament to pledge Total Revolution.
Jun 12: Justice Jagmohan Lal Sinha of Allahabad High Court sets aside Indira’s election to Parliament in 1971 after finding her guilty of corrupt electoral practices; calls her an unreliable witness, debars her from elected office for 6 years.
Jun 13: All Opposition MPs except those from CPI stage a dharna in front of the President’s office demanding Indira’s dismissal. In Gujarat, the Janata Aghadi, a united front of all opposition parties, gets a majority in the Assembly, ousting the Congress for the first time.
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Jun 21: JP launches “Remove Indira” movement.
Jun 24: Supreme Court rules Indira’s powers and privileges as PM would not be affected during her appeal against HC order
Jun 25: JP and other Opposition leaders announce weeklong nationwide satyagraha from June 29. Call on police and the military to “obey their conscience”.
The Crackdown
June-July, 1975
Jun 25-26: Power cut to Delhi’s newspaper offices during the night. Sweeping crackdown on Opposition leaders and Congress dissidents begins. Hundreds arrested under Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA). Police wake up JP in middle of the night; he makes his famous comment “Vinaash kaale vipreet buddhi”.
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Jun 26: At 8 am, Indira addresses the nation on All India Radio to announce that the President has declared an Emergency to meet the “internal threat to security”. She assures “this is nothing to panic about.” For the first time since Independence, censorship is imposed.
Jun 27: Presidential order is passed, suspending the right of detained persons to move court for relief. Foreign news agencies and organisations report disruptions.
Jun 28: Kuldip Nayar of The Indian Express is detained under MISA for organising a meeting of the Press Club to demand the withdrawal of censorship.
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Jun 29: Presidential order says no reasons need be given for arrest under MISA.
July 1: Correspondents of several foreign newspapers are expelled for refusing “self-censorship” agreements; more expulsions follow in coming weeks and months.
July 4: RSS, Ananda Marg, Jamaat-e-Islami and 23 other organisations are banned.
(Adapted from chronology of the Emergency prepared by Prabhudas T Sanghvi for Voices of Emergency, (ed) John Oliver Perry)
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THE EMERGENCY AT WORK
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First published on: 26-06-2015 at 04:26:18 am
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