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This is an archive article published on November 27, 2021

Sex ratio at birth drops in Maharashtra, sizeable dip in several districts: NFHS-5

🔴 A skewed sex ratio at birth shows a strong preference for male child and continued sex-selective practices in the country, the Population Foundation of India has said.

Sex ratio at birth drops in Maharashtra, sizeable dip in several districts: NFHS-5Across Maharashtra, the sex ratio at birth in urban areas has declined to 878 girls/1000 boys. (Express File/Vishal Srivastav)

Pune has seen a 54-point decline in sex ratio at birth, according to the the fifth round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). Another 17 districts in Maharashtra have shown a sizeable dip in sex ratio at birth, according to NFHS-5 data.

Overall, the sex ratio at birth in Maharashtra has dipped by 11 points and is now at 913 girls/1000 boys. In the last survey five years ago, the sex ratio at birth was 924 girls/1000 boys.

A skewed sex ratio at birth shows a strong preference for male child and continued sex-selective practices in the country, the Population Foundation of India has said. In its statement, the NGO has urged the government to invest in girls’ education and make efforts towards increasing the value of the girl child.

Across Maharashtra, the sex ratio at birth in urban areas has declined to 878 girls/1000 boys. Pune, however, has registered a 54-point decline. As against 927 girls/1000 boys in the 2015-16 (NFHS-4), the recent survey has noted that the sex ratio of children born in the last five years was 873 girls/1000 boys.

The districts of Pune, Hingoli, Aurangabad, Bhandara, Mumbai (suburban), Beed, Jalgaon, Jalna and other districts have also shown a significant decline in sex ratio at birth, with the ratio dropping lower than 900 girls/1000 boys in some districts.

Aurangabad has shown a decline in sex ratio at birth for children born in the last five years at 875/1000 boys, as against the last survey where the sex ratio at birth was 1,130/1000 boys.

Sex ratio at birth has also dropped in Bhandara, from 1204 girls/1000 boys to 897 girls/1000 boys, Beed (843 girls/1000 boys as against 1046 girls/1000 boys) Hingoli (838 girls/1000 boys as against 992 girls /1000 boys in the last survey), Jalgaon (857/1000 boys as against 922/1000 boys) and Jalna (867 girls/1000 boys as against 880 girls /1000 boys).

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However, districts such as Amravati (1090 girls/1000 boys), Buldhana (1,036 girls/1000 boys), Gadchiroli (1,098 girls/1000 boys), Dhule (919 girls/1000 boys), Osmanabad (1,050 /1000 boys) and others have shown a rise in sex ratio at birth.

Gondia, Kolhapur and Latur are also among districts which have noted a rising trend. However, Nagpur, Mumbai Suburban, Nanded, Nandurbar, and Nashik have seen a decline in sex ratio at birth.

NFHS -5 fieldwork for Maharashtra was conducted from June to December, 2019, by the Indian Institute of Health Management Research (IIHMR).

When contacted, Dr Archana Patil, state director of health, told The Indian Express that different data sources indicate different figures. “As per civil registration system data, sex ratio at birth is improving. Also, the state supervisory committee’s meeting is expected to be held every six months,” said Dr Patil.

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Advocate Varsha Deshpande, who is a member of the National Inspection and Monitoring Committee for implementing the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PC-PNDT) Act, alleged that this issue was neglected during the pandemic. “There has been no meeting of the state supervisory board for PC-PNDT Act for the last two years,” she claimed.

Deshpande, who has been tracking convictions against doctors for flouting rules of the PC-PNDT Act, pointed out that several accused have been acquitted in the sessions court. “We raised this issue, following which the state has now appointed a committee for reviewing cases that were not fit for appeal,” she said.

Anuradha Mascarenhas is a Senior Editor at The Indian Express, based in Pune. With a career spanning three decades, she is one of the most respected voices in Indian journalism regarding healthcare, science and environment and research developments. She also takes a keen interest in covering women's issues . Professional Background Education: A gold medalist in Communication and Journalism from Savitribai Phule Pune University and a Master’s degree in Literature. Author: She authored the biography At The Wheel Of Research, which chronicles the life and work of Dr. Soumya Swaminathan, the former Chief Scientist at the WHO. Key Focus: She combines scientific accuracy with storytelling, translating complex medical research into compelling public and human-interest narratives. Awards and Recognition Anuradha has won several awards including the Press Council of India's national award for excellence in journalism under the gender based reporting category in 2019 and the Laadli Media award (gender sensitivity -2024). A recipient of the Lokmat journalism award (gender category-2022), she was also shortlisted for the RedInk awards for excellence in journalism-2021. Her debut book At The Wheel Of Research, an exclusive biography of Dr Soumya Swaminathan the inaugural chief scientist of World Health Organisation was also nominated in the Popular Choice Category of JK Paper AUTHER awards. She has also secured competitive fellowships including the Laadli Media Fellowship (2022), the Survivors Against TB – New Research in TB Media Fellowship (2023) and is part of the prestigious 2025 India Cohort of the WomenLift Health Leadership Journey.” Recent Notable Articles (Late 2025) 1. Cancer & Specialized Medical Care "Tata Memorial finds way to kill drug-resistant cancer cells" (Nov 26, 2025): Reporting on a breakthrough for triple-negative breast cancer, one of the most aggressive forms of the disease. Discipline, diet and purpose; How a 97-year-old professor defies ageing'' (Nov 15, 2025) Report about Prof Gururaj Mutalik, the first Head of Department at Pune's B J Government Medical College who at 97 credits his longevity to healthy habits and a strong sense of purpose. 2. Environmental Health (The "Breathless Pune" Series) Long-term exposure even to 'moderate' air leads to chronic heart, lung, kidney issues" (Nov 26, 2025): Part of an investigative series highlighting that even "safe" pollution levels are damaging to vital organs. "For every 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 level, there was 6-8% jump in medicine sales" (Nov 23, 2025): Using commercial data to prove the direct link between air quality and respiratory illnesses in Pune. 3. Lifestyle & Wellness News "They didn't let cancer, diabetes and heart disease stop them from travelling" (Dec 22, 2025): A collaborative piece featuring survivors who share practical tips for traveling with chronic conditions. At 17, his BP shot up to 200/120 mmHG; Lancet study flags why child and teen hypertension doubled between 2000 and 2020'' (Nov 12,2025)--A report that focusses on 17-year-old-boy's hypertensive crisis and reflects the rising global trend of high blood pressure among children and adolescents. 4. Scientific Recognition & Infrastructure For promoting sci-comm, gender diversity: IUCAA woman prof highlighted in Nature" (Nov 25, 2025): Covering the global recognition of Indian women scientists in gender studies and physics. Pune researchers find a spiral galaxy like the Milky Way from early universe'' (December 3, 2025)- A report on how Indian researchers discovered a massive galaxy that existed when the universe was just 1.5 billion years old , one of the earliest to have been observed so far. Signature Beat: Health, Science & Women in Leadership Anuradha is known for her COVID-19 reportage, where she was one of the first journalists to provide detailed insights into the Covishield and Covaxin trials. She has a dedicated interest in gender diversity in health and science, often profiling women researchers who are breaking the "leaky pipeline" in STEM fields. Her writing style is scrupulous, often featuring interviews with top-tier scientists and health experts from various institutions.   ... Read More


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