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This is an archive article published on April 22, 2025

Maharashtra govt climbs down, Hindi now ‘optional’ for Classes 1 to 5

While the three-language formula will still apply from Class 1, students won’t be required to study Hindi specifically as the third language.

Devendra Fadnavis, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital case, Tanisha Bhise, Tanisha Bhise death, Tanisha Bhise case, Mumbai news, Maharashtra news, Indian express, current affairs MaharashtraChief Minister Devendra Fadnavis (File Photo)

UNDER intense pressure from all sides over the issue, the Maharashtra government Tuesday rolled back its decision to make Hindi mandatory as the third language in Classes 1 to 5 across Marathi- and English-medium schools in the state.

“The word mandatory will be removed… The three-language formula remains, but schools must accommodate other language choices if a significant number of students in a class request it,” Maharashtra School Education Minister Dadaji Bhuse announced after a Cabinet meeting.

Since the state government issued an order on April 16 saying Hindi would be mandatory as the third language from Classes 1 to 5, it has been facing pushback from political circles, as well as social and cultural. The fact that the BJP-led government’s move coincided with protests by Tamil Nadu to a similar order regarding Hindi made the going tougher for it.

Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis, who has been defending the decision, on Tuesday briefed the Cabinet meeting regarding the three-language formula as per the new National Education Policy (NEP). A senior minister who attended the meeting said the CM then told them that “Hindi will not be mandatory but an optional subject”.

On Monday, Tamil Nadu CM M K Stalin, who has been leading the opposition to the NEP’s three-language formula, posted on X: “Facing a massive backlash for imposing Hindi as the third language, Maharashtra CM Devendra Fadnavis now claims that only Marathi is compulsory in the state. This is a clear manifestation of his trepidation over the widespread public condemnation against imposition of Hindi on non-Hindi speaking States.”

Following the new order regarding Hindi, Fadnavis replied to Stalin on X, saying: “NEP never insisted or made compulsion on language choice but only asked to study any 2 Indian languages other than English, out of 3. As far as Maharashtra is concerned, we are open to Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Sanskrit or any language of student’s choice which they wish to study as the third language. Main question is why are you not open to multi-lingualism & have a problem if someone wants to study in Hindi?”

Stalin should get a “deep understanding” of the NEP, Fadnavis advised.

Before the rollback Tuesday, the CM had tried to address concerns via a clarification on Sunday saying there was no “imposition” of Hindi and that Marathi remains compulsory. “It is wrong to say that attempts are being made to impose Hindi. Hindi has not been made mandatory instead of Marathi. Marathi is a must,” he said.

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Since the government order making Hindi mandatory became public, parties across the Opposition spectrum in Maharashtra had come out in opposition over “the imposition of Hindi”. The Maharashtra government-appointed Language Consultation Committee had also opposed the decision.

While the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena led by Raj Thackeray had been the most aggressive in its opposition to the April 16 order, the Shiv Sena (UBT) led by Uddhav Thackeray had accused the BJP of trying to divide people on linguistic lines. Congress leader Vijay Waddetiwar called the move “an attack on the Marathi language” and an attempt to erode state autonomy.

The Fadnavis government’s quick change of stance, rather than dragging out the issue, is understandable given Maharashtra’s history of linguistic assertion. The BJP is also wary that it can be quickly dubbed as anti-Marathi – a charge that sticks due to the Delhi dominance in its politics – and this can be costly in Mumbai where the Marathi vs non-Marathi divide has long shaped politics.

Pallavi Smart is a Principal Correspondent with The Indian Express, Mumbai Bureau. Her reporting is singularly focused on the education sector, demonstrating exceptional Expertise and Authority across the entire spectrum of learning, from foundational schooling to advanced higher education. She is a highly Trustworthy source for policy, institutional developments, and systemic issues affecting students, teachers, and parents in Maharashtra. Expertise Senior Role: As a Principal Correspondent at The Indian Express, her designation reflects her seniority, specialized knowledge, and the editorial rigor applied to her reporting. Core Authority & Specialization: Pallavi Smart is the definitive voice for Education news in the region. Her coverage scope is comprehensive: Policy and Regulatory Changes: Reports on major shifts in educational policy, including the restructuring of entrance exams (e.g., MHT-CET adopting the JEE Main model), the draft regulatory framework for coaching classes, and revised teacher recruitment processes. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs): Provides in-depth reporting on prestigious institutes like IIT Bombay and TISS (Tata Institute of Social Sciences), covering institutional initiatives, administrative debates (e.g., renaming IIT Bombay), and student welfare programs (e.g., mandatory mental health courses). Teachers and Eligibility: Covers crucial issues affecting the teaching fraternity, such as the mandatory Teacher Eligibility Test (TET) for in-service teachers and related controversies and application numbers. Student Welfare & Rights: Focuses on issues concerning students, including the rollout of government scholarships, the financial strain on schools due to midday meal reimbursement delays, and instances of child rights violations (e.g., the Powai studio hostage crisis). Admissions and Vacancy: Tracks the outcome of centralized admission processes (e.g., MBBS, BPharm) and analyzes vacancy concerns, providing essential data-driven insights for parents and students. Credentials & Trustworthiness Dedicated Beat: Her consistent focus on the "KG to PG" education beat allows her to develop unparalleled subject matter knowledge, ensuring her reports are accurate, detailed, and contextualized. Proactive Reporting: Her articles frequently break news on policy and institutional planning, providing the public with timely, essential information about a sector that directly impacts millions of families. She tweets @Pallavi_Smart ... Read More

Alok Deshpande is a Special Correspondent with The Indian Express' Mumbai bureau, recognized for his focused and authoritative reporting on governance, politics, and the socio-economic dynamics of Maharashtra's hinterlands. His unique academic background in Geology and early work in the water sector provides a specialized layer of Expertise to his reporting on resource and environmental issues. Expertise Current Role: Special Correspondent, The Indian Express, Mumbai. Core Authority: Alok provides detailed coverage of Maharashtra politics and governance, with a particular emphasis on how policies and power struggles affect the rural and semi-urban areas (the 'hinterlands'). Key Coverage Areas: His reports frequently focus on high-stakes administrative and political topics, including: State Assembly Proceedings: In-depth reporting on the Legislative Assembly, covering ministerial statements, legislative debates, and inter-party conflict within the ruling Mahayuti alliance. Policy & Finance: Coverage of state finances, including supplementary budget demands, fiscal deficits, and major government schemes (e.g., Jal Jeevan Mission, Ladki Bahin Yojana). Rural and Social Issues: Reports on critical health issues (e.g., child deaths in districts), human-animal conflict (leopard attacks, stray dogs), and agrarian concerns (e.g., farmer suicides). Local and Urban Governance: Covers major announcements regarding urban development (e.g., BMC's OC amnesty scheme, pagdi system push) and local body elections, including political defections and alliance splits. Unique Credentials & Trustworthiness Academic Specialization: Holds a Post-graduate degree in Geology. This background gives him a foundational understanding of natural resources, which directly informs his reporting on environment, water, and infrastructure projects. Early Professional Experience: His shift to journalism came after working with an NGO focused on the water sector. This practical experience strengthens his Expertise in critical areas like water management and rural development, as evidenced by his reporting on the Jal Jeevan Mission. Journalism Training: An alumnus of the prestigious Asian College of Journalism (ACJ), Chennai, confirming his formal training and commitment to rigorous journalistic standards. Alok Deshpande's rare combination of scientific education, non-profit sector experience, and deep political reporting makes him a highly trusted and authoritative voice on the governance and ground realities of Maharashtra. He tweets @alokdesh ... Read More

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