3 min readNew DelhiDec 10, 2025 11:58 AM IST
First published on: Dec 10, 2025 at 07:19 AM IST
The Goa nightclub blaze comes six years after one of Delhi’s biggest fires at Arpit Palace in Karol Bagh, which claimed 17 lives. Although the hotel had a valid fire NOC, the blaze started at a rooftop kitchen that was operating illegally. Former Delhi Fire Service (DFS) chief Atul Garg explains what has changed since 2019.
What changes were introduced after the Arpit Hotel fire?
Earlier, an establishment was provided a fire NOC based on seating capacity. If it could seat 50 people, it had to get a fire NOC. Now, it is based on area. If the area is 90 sq m or more, you must obtain fire NOC. Rooftop kitchens were also banned in such establishments.
How are the structures of hotels and clubs in Delhi different from those in Goa? For instance, to what extent are multiple wooden floorings or other combustible materials permitted in Delhi?
To the best of my knowledge, all restaurants and bars in Delhi operate from permanent structures, and nightclubs are mainly located inside hotels. These establishments are required to meet the prescribed fire-resistance ratings.
Also, Goa-styled temporary or combustible structures are not permitted in Delhi. If wooden walls are used, they must be treated with fire-retardant paint. The installation of combustible materials is strictly restricted in Delhi.
What is the procedure for obtaining a fire NOC in Delhi?
To obtain fire NOC, an establishment must apply through the MCD portal. After the application is submitted, an officer from DFS conducts an inspection, following which a Fire Safety Certificate (FSC) or NOC is either issued or deficiencies are raised within the stipulated time. The FSC is valid for three years. Inspections are carried out by officials of the rank of assistant divisional officer or above.
How many illegal establishments are operating without fire NOCs?
How can the Fire department determine that an establishment is illegal if it has a gross floor area of less than 90 sq m? The MCD’s excise department may grant permission based on its own norms. However, if it is operating without any permission, I cannot comment on that.
What precautions should the owner follow to prevent such incidents?
The building or premises should be well-ventilated. The entry and exit points should not be congested. Fire safety equipment and gadgets should be checked regularly. Every three years, the owners should apply for the renewal of NOCs so that an inspection can be conducted by DFS.
Outside Birch by Romeo Lane night club at Arpora in Gia on Tuesday. (ANI) 
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