Exports hurt: States flag facility and testing gaps at Board of Trade meeting

The BoT meeting happened in the backdrop of slowing exports due to the steep US tariffs of 50 per cent, and both countries failing to conclude a trade deal till the fall of 2025. India was one of the first countries to initiate trade talks with the US when Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Washington in February last year.

The steep US tariffs, which came into effect on August 27, 2025, have dampened exports, and have triggered cancellations in orders and delayed payment. There are also worries that these could result in orders moving to its competitors such as Bangladesh, Vietnam and China.

Exports dipped in October, but jumped 19 per cent in November driven by growth in exports of products that remain outside the tariff net. Labour-intensive goods, however, risk losing market share as shipments of garments, footwear and other products are being replaced. New Delhi is aggressively pushing for newer markets and has signed as many as three free trade agreements, with Oman, New Zealand and the UK, in 2025.

Tariff & anti-dumping duty imposed by US

As per the minutes of the BoT meeting, Rajasthan said US tariffs have resulted in the “cancellation of orders” in the gems and jewellery sector and that “payments were also not coming”. The Spices Board said that “US tariffs had created a crisis with a 50 per cent duty on oleoresin”. Oleoresins help manufacturers achieve flavour and aroma in their final products.

Even as US tariffs have left out generic drugs, representatives from Goa flagged that “pharma exports had been affected due to tariffs. The Seafood Exporters Association also flagged a “significant drop in exports” to the US.

While the representative from Tirupur Exporters Association (TEA) stated that the government should subsidise the difference in the US tariffs on India and those with its competitors, the Engineering Export Promotion Council of India said that Market Access Initiative was not available for the last nine months and the utilisation of funds under Export Promotion Mission (EMP) would need to be expedited. EMP was announced in the Budget last year, with the Commerce and Industry Ministry announcing the modalities of the scheme only on December 31, 2025.

Beyond US tariffs, representatives also broached concerns over anti-dumping duties imposed by the US. Gujarat’s representative expressed apprehension of an impact on exports due to the imposition of anti-dumping duty by the US. The Spices Board also raised concerns due to “anti-dumping and Countervailing Duties (CVDs)”.

While the US has initiated most anti-dumping investigations against China, it has launched as many as nine probes on industrial items exported from India since July last year, including products such as hexamine, oleoresin paprika, certain freight rail couplers, and overhead door counterbalance torsion springs.

Container shortages & lack of testing facilities

Assam’s representative said tea exports from the state face hurdles due to “shipping line levies for empty containers” in the context of the state being landlocked. The representative highlighted the need for taking suitable action to ensure “competitive freight rates” from Inland Container Depot (ICD) Amingaon to Kolkata and urged the Department of Commerce to “engage with exporters so that they could use Amingaon as the preferred point of exports”. Gujarat’s representative also flagged the shortage of shipping containers and its impact on exporters.

Shortages of testing facilities were also flagged by a number of labour-intensive sectors and states. While Rajasthan said that “export samples go to Surat and other places for testing and therefore, there is a need for testing labs in the state”, Uttarakhand said that “there was no testing lab and exporters have to go to UP for testing”. Testing labs are crucial for exporters to ensure products meet international quality, safety, and regulatory standards and prevent costly shipment rejections.

The Seafood Exporters Association sought “Marine Products Export Development Authority and National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories accredited labs since the Export Inspection Council (EIC) did not have the requisite number of labs for testing. EIC is the official export certification body of India, which ensures the quality and safety of products exported from India. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) also reiterated the need for testing labs.

Access to input material & regulatory costs

While a MSME representative said prices of domestic raw materials remain 15-20 per cent higher than international prices, representatives from the textiles sector said that “the energy costs for spinning and manufacturing were higher by around 15-20 per cent, which needed to be compensated”.

“An industry representative indicated that the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) standards were being made applicable even for products, which are being exported to the US and the European Union, in line with their standards, as in respect of certain items, BIS standards are more complex,” the minutes of the meeting showed.

The Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council (GJEPC) said restrictions on gold, platinum and silver were a source of concern. GJEPC sought an automatic route where duty benefits are not available. The council pointed out that the restriction has “made component imports more expensive”. “The representative from the ceramics industry in Morbi mentioned that the District Export Committees need to be monitored since the meetings were not being held regularly,” minutes of the meeting showed. Another industry representative said: “MSMEs had challenges with quality control orders (QCOs), stating that QC inspectors must be facilitatory.”

Goyal on investments and quality

At the BoT meeting, Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal underscored the importance of quality and said that India’s global reputation as a reliable exporter hinges on ensuring the highest standards in every product and consignment.

On the issue of labs, Goyal said that the lab in Santacruz Electronics Export Processing Zone (SEEPZ)  is supported by Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council (GJEPC) and there are Central Revenues Control Laboratory (CRCL) labs of CBIC.

“GJEPC is looking at setting up labs and the State Governments would be urged to provide suitable building for setting up of such labs,” Goyal said.

On investments, the minister mentioned that Sembcorp of Singapore is planning to set up a 1000 crore industrial park while other groups like EMMAR and Capital Land too were interested in setting up tourism and industrial park facilities.He asked state or UT governments to identify appropriate land parcels and compete for setting up of such parks.

“On the FTAs, the minister mentioned that India was negotiating free trade agreements (FTAs) with EU, US, Oman, New Zealand, Chile, Peru, Australia, Bahrain, GCC, EAEU, Canada and SACU. Moreover, PTAs were being considered with Brazil and Israel,” he said.

Following the press brefing after the BoT, Goyal during said that export growth is expected to register a growth going forward. Goyal stated that the Export Promotion Mission (EPM) would incorporate targeted schemes to help landlocked States enhance their competitiveness in the export sector. The Ministry of Commerce has begun implementing EPM to improve competitiveness of the exporters.

QCO overhaul

The government last year also started overhauling quality control orders (QCOs) which had hurt micro, small and medium enterprises with domestic prices of raw materials becoming costlier. Dozens of QCOs ranging from chemical intermediates, synthetic fibres to polymer resins that were adversely impacting the textile sector supply chain were rolled back. The Centre also revoked seven QCOs on key minerals, including nickel, copper and aluminium, after months of push back by the domestic industry.